核力量有两种作用,一是威慑,一是实战。核威慑是最好的遏制核战争的方法,核战争又可以被看作是核威慑失败的产物。因此,在过去60年时间里,核威慑成为了国家核力量最现实的功能。所谓核威慑,有多种定义,大致说来,它应当分为核力量、使用力量的决心,以及威慑信息的传递三个层次。威慑的效果,可以被认为是这三个要素的乘积,其中任意一个不成立,则威慑便不成立。具体来说,就是国家首先要具备有效的核力量,数量足够,质量可靠;其次要 There are two types of nuclear forces, one is deterrence and the other is actual combat. Nuclear deterrence is the best way to contain a nuclear war, which in turn can be seen as a product of the failure of nuclear deterrence. For the past 60 years, therefore, nuclear deterrence has become the most realistic function of the national nuclear force. There are many definitions of so-called nuclear deterrence. Basically, it should be divided into three levels: the determination of nuclear forces, the determination of the use of force, and the transmission of deterrence information. The effect of deterrence, which can be considered as the product of these three elements, is that deterrence does not hold if any one of them does not hold. Specifically, it means that the country must first have an effective nuclear force with a sufficient quantity and reliable quality. Secondly,