论文部分内容阅读
目的通过调查上海市外来儿童的身体特征及其影响因素,分析外来儿童体型与居住时间的相关性。方法选取上海市外来儿童较多的4所小学2 678名学生为对象,采用问卷调查和人体测量相结合的方法,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果不同生源所在地的儿童身高、体重差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),由高到低的顺序为山东、安徽、河南和四川;上海居住时间长短分类比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),居住时间越长身高体重越有优势,其中体重增长优于身高增长。以年龄为协变量,以出生地和城市居住时间为自变量进行协方差分析,显示生源所在地对身高体重的影响消失(P>0.05),上海居住时间长短对儿童的体格依然存在影响(P<0.01)。以城市居住时间和年龄为自变量,身高、体重分别为因变量进行多重线性回归分析,城市居住时间越长,外来儿童的身高越高,体重越重。结论上海市居住外来儿童体格随居住年限变化在逐步提高,但需要注意饮食平衡和体育运动,以防出现肥胖倾向。体格发育依然存在较明显的差异,可见外来儿童生活扶持的相应政策需进一步完善和提高。
Objective To investigate the physical characteristics of foreign children in Shanghai and its influencing factors, and to analyze the correlation between the body type and living time of foreign children. Methods A total of 2 678 students from 4 primary schools with more children from outside Shanghai were enrolled in this study. The questionnaires and anthropometric methods were used to analyze the data. Results There were significant differences in height and weight among children from different places of origin (P <0.01), and the order from high to low was Shandong, Anhui, Henan and Sichuan. There was significant difference in the length of residence in Shanghai (P <0.01) ), Longer living height and weight the more advantages, of which weight gain is better than height growth. Covariance analysis using age as a covariate and birth place and city living time as independent variables showed that the impact of students’ location and height on body weight lost (P> 0.05). The length of living in Shanghai still had an impact on the physical fitness of children (P < 0.01). Taking urban living time and age as independent variables, height and weight were respectively analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. The longer the city lived, the higher the height of foreign children and the heavier their weight. Conclusion The physical fitness of living foreign children in Shanghai gradually increases with the change of living years. However, attention should be paid to the diet balance and physical activity to prevent the occurrence of obesity. Physical development there are still more obvious differences, we can see foreign children’s life support policies need to be further improved and improved.