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目的研究油田驾驶员职业紧张和工作能力之间的关系及其影响因素。方法采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)和工作能力指数量表(WAI),于2015年3—6月对637名新疆油田公司所属企业的机动车驾驶员进行现场调查。结果不同学历、工种驾驶员职业任务问卷(ORQ)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工种、工龄、学历驾驶员紧张反应问卷(PSQ)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同族别、工种、学历驾驶员个体应对资源问卷(PRQ)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工龄、学历驾驶员工作能力指数(WAI)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同紧张水平组工作能力分级不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ORQ、PSQ与WAI呈现明显的负相关(P<0.01),PRQ与WAI呈现明显的正相关(P<0.01)。多重线性回归结果显示,影响驾驶员WAI的主要因素是理性处事、躯体紧张反应、年龄、自我保健、心理紧张反应、工作环境、任务模糊(P<0.05)。结论职业紧张过度可导致油田驾驶员工作能力下降,增强个体应对能力和降低驾驶员紧张水平可以提高驾驶员工作能力水平。
Objective To study the relationship between occupational stress and working ability of oilfield drivers and its influencing factors. Methods The OSI-R and WAI were used to investigate the vehicle drivers of 637 Xinjiang Oilfield Company-owned enterprises in March-June 2015. Results There were significant differences in ORQ among different education levels and working class pilots (P <0.05). There was significant difference in PSQ among different types of work, working age and educational level (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in PRQ among different groups, types of work and academic pilots (P <0.05). There was significant difference in working ability index (WAI) between different working ages and academic pilots Significance (P <0.05). Different levels of stress level work ability grading, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between ORQ, PSQ and WAI (P <0.01), and a significant positive correlation between PRQ and WAI (P <0.01). The results of multiple linear regression showed that the main factors influencing driver WAI were rational service, physical stress response, age, self-care, psychological stress reaction, working environment and ambiguity task (P <0.05). Conclusion Over-occupational stress can lead to the decline of working ability of pilots in oilfields. Increasing individual coping ability and reducing driver’s stress level can improve driver’s working ability.