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一、液体压强与深度关系的演示 初中课本上介绍的演示液体压强随深度而增大的实验方法,是在一个圆筒的不同高度处开三个小孔,水从高低不同的小孔中流出,平射到同一盘中,通过射程的不同反映水出孔速度的差别,进而反映压强的不同。此实验具有现象生动、可见度大的优点。但一个突出的问题是由于出孔后水的射程不仅与其出孔速度有关,而且与孔相对接水盘的高度有关,在出射高度不同的条件下,根据射程决定高度显然是不可靠的。鉴此笔者采用如图所示的方法,使三孔出射高度一致。
I. Demonstration of the relationship between liquid pressure and depth The experimental method of demonstrating that the liquid pressure increases with depth is introduced in junior high school textbooks. Three small holes are opened at different heights of a cylinder, and water flows out from different small and high holes. , Flat shot into the same plate, through the difference in range reflects the speed of the water out of the hole, and then reflect the pressure difference. This experiment has the advantages of vivid appearance and large visibility. However, a prominent problem is that the range of the water after exiting the hole is not only related to the speed of its exit hole, but also related to the height of the hole of the water receiving tray. Under the conditions of different exit heights, the height determined by the range is obviously unreliable. This author uses the method shown in the figure to make the exit height of the three holes consistent.