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现有治疗手段不能促心肌再生,而干细胞有着活跃的增殖能力和多向分化潜能,可以向心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞分化;近年来有关干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死的研究方兴未艾。研究表明不同来源的干细胞促进心肌细胞和血管再生、替代坏死心肌、抑制心肌细胞凋亡、减小瘢痕面积,从而改善心功能、对抗心肌重塑。尽管还存在很多悬而未决的问题,但诸多动物实验和临床试验的结果令人鼓舞。如何找到与临床实际应用相符合的移植途径也是研究关注热点,现就这方面的研究进展作一综述。
The current treatment can not promote myocardial regeneration, and stem cells have an active proliferation and multi-directional differentiation potential, can differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells; stem cell transplantation in recent years, the study of myocardial infarction in the ascendant. Studies have shown that stem cells from different sources promote cardiomyocyte and vascular regeneration, replace necrotic myocardium, inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduce scar area, thereby improving cardiac function and resisting myocardial remodeling. Although there are still many unresolved problems, the results of many animal experiments and clinical trials are encouraging. How to find a transplanting route that is in line with the clinical practice is also a hot spot of research, and a review is given on the research progress in this respect.