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本文综述了乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染时机体的病毒学和免疫学应答。感染早期发生的病毒学和免疫学应答对感染的转归有极大的影响,高效的细胞免疫应答是控制病毒感染的关键,应答低下则可导致感染的慢性化。开发预防性和治疗性疫苗必须使其高效地激活初始T细胞和B细胞,促进T细胞的抗病毒功能,保证抗原的高浓度。通过抗病毒药物抑制病毒复制也是恢复免疫系统抗病毒效率的一种策略。
This article reviews the body’s virological and immunological responses to hepatitis B and C infections. The virological and immunological responses that occur early in the infection have a dramatic effect on the outcome of the infection. Efficient cellular immune responses are the key to controlling viral infection, and low responses can lead to chronic infection. The development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines must enable them to efficiently activate naïve T cells and B cells, promote the anti-viral function of T cells and ensure a high concentration of antigens. Inhibition of viral replication by antiviral drugs is also a strategy to restore the antiviral efficiency of the immune system.