一、个体、私营企业参与社会化大生产和市场竞争,虽然为正在形成中的社会主义市场经济注入了生机和活力,但有些个体私营企业用不正当甚至违法手段搞竞争的问题十分严重,给社会心理和干部形象蒙上阴影。个体、私营企业是在改革开放的大潮中发展起来的。它们灵活的经营机制对传统计划经济体制形成猛烈冲击,激活着微观经济,为计划经济向市场经济转轨起到了积极的促进作用。但是,由于体制转轨时期市场法规短期内难以健全与完善,诸如回扣、送礼、行贿等 First, individual and private enterprises participate in socialized production and market competition. Although socialism and market vitality have been injected into the emerging socialist market economy, some private and private enterprises have engaged in unfair competition or even illegal means to engage in competition. The shadow of social psychology and the cadres are overshadowed. Individual and private enterprises have developed in the tide of reform and opening up. Their flexible operating mechanism has exerted a fierce attack on the traditional planned economic system and activated the micro-economy, which has played a positive role in promoting the transition from planned economy to market economy. However, it is difficult to improve and perfect market regulations in the short-term, such as rebates, gift giving, and bribery.