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目的:探讨异地远途列车转运伤员的组织形式、方法、特点、途中观察救治处理形式,优化转运并提高转运安全性。方法:回顾性分析三批次列车转运“5.12”汶川地震伤员438例的组织形式、方法、途中处理与安全性的关系,总结经验与不足。结果:437例安全地转运至目的地医院,安全转运率99.8%(437/438)。1例骨盆骨折患者,既往有风湿性心脏病病史,突发卒死而死亡。途中处理:伤口疼痛38例,占6.7%;发热43例,占9.8%;留置导尿4例,占0.91%;血压下降2例,占0.46%,经输入盐水扩容治疗后纠正。1例高颅压综合征占0.23%。结论:大批量伤员远程列车转运通过周密组织、计划、观察、护理完全能够实现安全转运,也是解决大批量伤员救治容量、能力、条件不足的良好而有效方法。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the organizational form, methods and characteristics of trans-shipment of wounded people in long-distance trains on different places, and observe the treatment and treatment modalities on the way, optimize the transport and improve the transport safety. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the organization and methods of 438 cases of wounded people in the “5.12 ” Wenchuan Earthquake during the transshipment of three batches of trains. The relationship between handling and safety was summarized and experience and shortcomings were summarized. Results: 437 cases were safely transshipped to the destination hospital with a safety transfer rate of 99.8% (437/438). One patient with pelvic fracture had previous history of rheumatic heart disease and died of sudden death. En route: 38 cases of wound pain, accounting for 6.7%; fever in 43 cases, accounting for 9.8%; indwelling catheterization in 4 cases, accounting for 0.91%; blood pressure decreased in 2 cases, accounting for 0.46%, corrected by input saline dilatation treatment. 1 case of intracranial pressure syndrome accounted for 0.23%. CONCLUSION: The long-distance trains transport of large numbers of wounded patients can be completely transplanted through careful organization, planning, observation and care, and can be safely translocated. It is also a good and effective method to solve the problems of capacity, capability and condition of high-volume wounded patients.