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1 紧凑型玉米杂交种的利用和发展目前,山东省紧凑型玉米杂交种主要包括烟单14,鲁玉2号、3号、1号、4号、5号、7号,掖单4号等组合。大田种植密度每亩比平展型杂交玉米增加1000株以上,籽粒产量增产20%以上,深受农民欢迎。这批紧凑型杂交种均有黄早4自交系参配,但由于黄早4自交系逐年退化,褐斑病、红叶病、大斑病等病害日趋加重,严重影响了自交系及一代种产量的提高。对此,山东省育种单位相继利用二环系、群体改良等育种手段,选育黄早4的改良系。先后选育出H21、文黄31413、齐310等系,既保持了黄早4的株型和配合力,又克服了其病害重的缺点,组配的新杂交种鲁玉10号、11号及烟单16等正逐步用于生产。尤其是8112自交系的问世,为紧
1 Utilization and Development of Compact Maize Hybrids Currently, the compact maize hybrids in Shandong Province mainly include Yandan 14, Luyu No.2, No.3, No.1, No.4, No.5, No.7 and Yeda No.4 combination. Field planting density per square meter than the flat-type hybrid corn increased by more than 1000, grain yield increased by 20% or more, welcomed by farmers. However, due to the annual degradation of Huangzao 4 inbred lines, the diseases such as brown spot, red leaf spot and big spot disease are aggravating day by day, seriously affecting the inbred lines and A generation of increased production. In this regard, breeding units in Shandong Province have been using the second ring system, group breeding and other breeding methods, selection Huangzao 4 improved line. Successively breeding H21, Wen Huang 31413, Qi 310 and other lines, both to maintain the Huangzao 4 plant type and combining ability, but also to overcome the shortcomings of its heavy diseases, with the new hybrid Lu Yu No. 10, No. 11 And the tobacco single 16 are gradually used in production. In particular, the advent of 8112 inbred lines, as tight