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目的为筛窦区新型手术的开展提供解剖学依据。方法在大体解剖学研究的基础上,应用改进的火棉胶包埋技术对前颅底区域进行连续的三维薄切片,通过两者的有机结合,深入研究筛窦区域精细的解剖结构与复杂的毗邻关系。结果对筛窦区域解剖结构与毗邻关系显示良好精确:眶内侧壁(纸样壁)厚度左侧为(0.35±0.089)mm,右侧为(0.36±0.086)mm;鼻小柱到上颌窦开口距离左侧为(39.1±2.4)mm,右侧为(40.0±2.5)mm;筛窦中鼻道开口到筛顶壁距离左侧为(12.0±1.0)mm,右侧为(11.8±1.1)mm。结论经筛窦区自然腔道行筛内、颅前窝、眶内及视神经管手术,安全可行。
Objective To provide an anatomical basis for the development of a new type of operation in the ethmoid area. Methods Based on the general anatomic study, an improved anterior chamber of the skull base was sliced into three-dimensional thin sections by using the improved collodion. By the combination of the two, an in-depth study of the fine anatomical structure of the ethmoid sinus and the complex Adjacent relationship. Results The anatomical structure and adjacent relationship of the ethmoid sinus region showed good accuracy: the thickness of the medial orbital wall was (0.35 ± 0.089) mm on the left and (0.36 ± 0.086) mm on the right; the distance from the columella to the maxillary sinus (39.1 ± 2.4) mm on the left and (40.0 ± 2.5) mm on the right; (12.0 ± 1.0) mm on the left side of the ethmoid sinus to the top of the screen and (11.8 ± 1.1) mm on the right . Conclusions It is safe and feasible to perform the operation through the natural tunnel in the ethmoid sinus, the anterior cranial fossa, the orbital and the optic canal.