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有这样一道选择题:如果1只羊=2袋米符合等价交换原则,当生产羊的社会劳动生产率降低一半,而生产米的社会劳动生产率提高三倍时,则一只羊可换: A、8袋米 B、6袋米 C、12袋米 D、16袋米 答案应选“D”。因为生产羊的社会劳动生产率降低一半时,则每只羊的价值提高一倍,即1只羊=4袋米。又,生产米的社会劳动生产率提高三倍时,则每袋米的价值只及原来的1/4。(即理解为:米的价值之所以降低到原来的1/4,是因为生产米的社会劳动生产率“提高了”三倍,或“提高到”原来的四倍。)自然,这时一只羊可换16袋米了。 但也还有的学生和教师,未能很好地解决对“提高了”、“增长了”和“增长到”一类表述的准确理解。 数学知识告诉我们,某某劳动生产率或劳动时间提高或增加二倍,应理解为:“提高了二倍”或“提高到”原来的三倍。1992年高考政治题第13题:1双皮鞋=2件上衣符合等价交换原则。当
There is a multiple-choice question: If 1 sheep = 2 bags of rice meets the principle of equal exchange, when the social labor productivity of producing sheep is reduced by half, and the productive labor productivity of rice is tripled, then one sheep can be exchanged: A , 8 bags of rice B, 6 bags of rice C, 12 bags of rice D, 16 bags of rice answer should choose “D”. Because the productivity of the sheep’s social labor is reduced by half, the value of each sheep is doubled, that is, 1 sheep = 4 bags of rice. Moreover, when the social labor productivity of rice is increased three times, the value per bag of rice is only 1/4 of the original value. (Ie understood as: The reason why the value of rice is reduced to 1/4 is because the social labor productivity of rice production has been “improved” by three times, or “increased to four times the original.” Sheep can change 16 bags of rice. However, there are also students and teachers who fail to properly resolve the accurate understanding of the “enhanced,” “growth,” and “growth” expressions. Mathematical knowledge tells us that a certain increase or increase in labour productivity or labor time is twofold: “doubled” or “increased” to three times the original. In 1992, the political entrance examination question 13: 1 pairs of leather shoes = 2 shirts in line with the principle of equivalent exchange. when