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大量实验数据和OTL作图结果表明:控制数量性状的基因中既有遗传效应较大的主基因,又有遗传效应较小的多基因,其分离世代表现出多峰性,即出现多个分布混合的特征。本文利用混合模型理论的AIC信息准则在F_2世代中鉴定影响数量性状的主基因的存在,当主基因存在时通过分离分析估计主基因的遗传效应以及主基因的遗传变异占总变异的分量;同时还提出利用P_1、P_2、F_2和F_2 4个世代鉴定多基因存在的方法。以大豆开花期性状为例说明了该方法的应用,在所分析的骨绿豆×上海红芒早杂交组合的F_2世代数据中发现有主基因的存在,主基因表现出完全显性(晚开花),并且有多基因存在。
The results of a large number of experimental data and OTL mapping showed that there are multiple major genes with large genetic effects and multiple genes with smaller genetic effects in the genes controlling quantitative traits. Mixed features. In this paper, the AIC information criterion of mixed model theory is used to identify the major genes affecting quantitative traits in F2 generation. When the major genes exist, the genetic effect of the major genes and the genetic variation of the major genes are accounted for by the segregation analysis. A method of identifying the presence of multiple genes by using P_1, P_2, F_2 and F_2 generations was proposed. The flowering trait of soybean was taken as an example to illustrate the application of this method. The main gene was found in the F2 generation data of the hybrids of Osmanthus × Shanghai Hongmang Zao, and the main gene showed complete dominant (late flowering) , And how many genes exist.