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为探讨与稻茬免耕油菜栽培模式相配套的氮肥运筹技术,实现轻简高效栽培,于2006—2010年以华杂9号油菜品种为材料,在稻茬免耕栽培模式下分别设计小区试验,研究不同的氮肥追肥处理、氮肥基肥与追肥比例及不同氮肥用量对免耕直播和移栽油菜农艺性状及小区产量的影响。结果表明:(1)在不同底肥条件下,如采用一次追肥模式,免耕油菜均以薹肥的施用效果最好;(2)采用二次追肥模式,当底肥偏低时,免耕油菜以薹肥及花肥的配合施用效果较好,当底肥较高时,则以腊肥及薹肥的配合施用效果较好;(3)在不同供氮条件下,免耕移栽及直播油菜基肥与追肥比例均以5:5效果较好;(4)采用上述氮肥运筹模式,可显著降低免耕移栽及直播油菜的氮肥用量、提高油菜产量。
In order to explore the nitrogen fertilizer management technology compatible with the cultivation mode of rice stubble tillage rape and realize the simple and efficient cultivation, we designed the rapeseed cultivar Huashou 9 as the material in 2006-2010, , The effects of different top-dressing treatments of nitrogenous fertilizer, the proportion of base fertilizer to top dressing and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer on agronomic characters and plot yield of no-tillage and transplanting rapeseed were studied. The results showed that: (1) Under the condition of different substrate fertilizers, the best effect of no-tillage rape with sedge fertilizer was the best when using a top-dressing mode; (2) When secondary fertilizer was used, The results showed that the effect of the combined application of the forage fertilizer and the forage fertilizer was better. When the base fertilizer was high, the combined application of the flue-cured fertilizer and the forage fertilizer was effective. (3) Under the condition of different nitrogen supply, (4) With the above nitrogen fertilizer operation mode, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in no-tillage transplanting and direct seeding rape can be significantly reduced and the yield of rapeseed can be increased.