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α_1抗胰蛋白酶(α_1-antitrypsin,α_1AT),顾名思义,是一种在常规血清蛋白电泳上位于α_1球蛋白区,且具抑制蛋白酶分解作用的糖蛋白,主要由肝合成.许多研究表明,α_1AT与原发性肝癌(PHC)的关系殊为密切,这不仅表现在肝癌时血清α_1AT明显升高,而且表现在α_1AT缺乏症(α_1ATD)患者中PHC的发病率显著增加.本文拟就α_1AT的功能、理化性质、α_1AT的表现型以及α_1AT与PHC的关系等诸方面作一扼要综述.α_1AT的功能和理化性质α_1AT就其名称而言.其功能似乎仅作用于胰蛋白酶,其实不然,α_1AT除抑制胰蛋白酶外,尚能抑制其他许多蛋白分解酶.因此,目前普遍认为将α_1AT称为α_1蛋白酶抑制因子(alpha_1
α_1 antitrypsin (α_1AT), as the name implies, is a glycoprotein located in the α 1 globulin region on conventional serum protein electrophoresis and is mainly composed of glycoproteins that inhibit the proteolytic cleavage.Many studies have shown that α_1AT and Primary liver cancer (PHC) are closely related, not only in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, serum α_1AT was significantly elevated, but also in patients with α_1AT deficiency (α_1ATD) in patients with a significant increase in the incidence of PHC.This paper intended to α_1AT function, Physical and chemical properties, the phenotype of α_1AT and the relationship between α_1AT and PHC.Chapter 1 The function and physicochemical properties of α_1AT As its name suggests, its function seems to act only on trypsin, but in fact, Proteases, it can inhibit many other proteolytic enzymes, so it is generally accepted that α_1AT is called α_1 protease inhibitor (alpha_1