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目的了解西安市成年人现在吸烟状况,为控烟和慢性病预防控制措施的制定提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,选取西安市14个区县8 227名18岁及以上居民进行问卷调查,包括居民人口学特征、吸烟与戒烟等情况。应用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ2检验。结果总吸烟例数2 479例,现在吸烟率为30.1%。男性现在吸烟率(59.4%)高于女性(1.1%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),城市居民现在吸烟率(28.1%)低于农村(32.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性现在吸烟者中,城市与农村均以40~49岁年龄组最高,分别为67.9%和70.1%%,不同年龄组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),城市与农村60岁以上者吸烟率较低,分别为40.8%和50.4%。城市吸烟人群戒烟率(10.1%)高于农村(8.2%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论西安市男性吸烟人群庞大,戒烟状况较差,控烟尤为重要。在今后的控烟工作中,要对西安市居民特别农村是男性居民加大健康教育力度。
Objective To understand the current smoking status of adults in Xi’an and to provide a scientific basis for the development of tobacco control and chronic disease prevention and control measures. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 8 227 residents aged 18 years and older in 14 districts and counties in Xi’an to conduct questionnaire survey, including demographic characteristics, smoking and smoking cessation. The χ2 test was performed using SPSS 19.0 software. Results A total of 2 479 cases of smoking, the current smoking rate was 30.1%. The prevalence of smoking among men (59.4%) was higher than that of women (1.1%), with significant difference (P <0.01). The current smoking rate among urban residents (28.1%) was lower than that in rural areas (32.3% P <0.01). Among men who smoke, urban and rural areas are the highest in the age group of 40 to 49 years, 67.9% and 70.1%, respectively, with statistical significance in different age groups (P <0.01). Urban and rural areas are over 60 years old Smoking rates were lower at 40.8% and 50.4% respectively. Smoking prevalence rate among urban smokers was 10.1% higher than that in rural areas (8.2%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions There is a large population of male smokers in Xi’an City, smoking cessation situation is poor, tobacco control is particularly important. In the future work on tobacco control, it is necessary to intensify the health education for the residents of Xi’an in particular rural areas who are male residents.