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清雍正末年和乾隆初年,福建上杭县中都乡的陈、何、邱三姓人家迁移到江西义宁州山区,以一座高山幽谷为落脚点。经过几十年的繁衍生息,互相联姻,原本荒僻的山谷出现了一个类似于“宗族集群”性质的移民群体,亲情、同乡的纽带维系着群体活动秩序。乾隆末年,三姓进行了一次产权界定。保存下来的契约文书,为我们了解、研究客家移民的社会经济关系提供了鲜活、真实的材料。嘉庆以后,三姓成员之间出现了贫富分野,开始了土地山林交易活动,社会经济关系趋于复杂、多元。
Qing Emperor Yongzheng and the early years of Qianlong, Shanghang County, Fujian Province, Chen, He, Qiu, three surnames moved to Jiangxi Yi Ningzhou mountainous areas, with a mountain valley for the foothold. After decades of flourishing and marriage, the original remote valley appeared a group of immigrants similar to the “clan cluster” nature. The ties of affection and fellow citizens maintained the order of mass activities. In the last years of Qianlong, Sanxing conducted a definition of property rights. The preserved contractual instruments provide us with fresh and true materials for understanding and studying the social and economic relations of Hakka immigrants. After the celebration of Jiaqing, there emerged a gap between the rich and the poor among the members of the three surnames and started the land-forest trading activities of land. The social-economic relations tend to be complicated and diverse.