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炎症小体是机体固有免疫的重要组成部分,目前对NLRP3炎症小体的研究最为热门和透彻。NLRP3炎症小体的活化因素包括病原体及其分泌的毒素、晶体和内源性危险信号等。NLRP3炎症小体的活化需要启动和激活两个步骤,其中启动机制主要针对NLRP3的转录和翻译后修饰水平,激活机制与线粒体、离子流动和溶酶体等相关。本文还综述了NLRP3炎症小体在表达、组装、活化等方面存在的负调控机制。
Inflammatory body is an important part of the body’s innate immunity. At present, the research on NLRP3 inflammasome is the most popular and thorough. Activators of the NLRP3 inflammasome include pathogens and their secreted toxins, crystals and endogenous dangerous signals. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome requires two steps of activation and activation. The activation mechanism is mainly related to the transcription and post-translational modification of NLRP3. The activation mechanism is related to mitochondria, ion flux and lysosomes. This article also summarizes the negative regulation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in terms of expression, assembly and activation.