以6063Al-(K_2ZrF_6+KBF_4)为反应体系,原位反应制备了ZrB_2/6063Al铝基复合材料,采用挤压方法对复合材料进行塑性加工。研究了挤压前后复合材料的微观组织变化,以及挤压工艺对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:铸态原位内生制得的复合材料,基体晶粒大小为30~50μm,ZrB_2颗粒呈规则的多边形,团聚现象严重。经过挤压加工之后,复合材料晶粒细化,大小为7~14μm,增强颗粒呈有圆边的多边形,分布均匀,尺寸为1~3μm,团聚改善。由于挤压后增强颗粒分布更加均匀,颗粒更加圆钝,使得摩擦后磨痕表面更加平整,各部分凹凸差异减小。摩擦系数随着载荷的增大而减小,载荷为12 N时摩擦系数最小为0.29,相比于原始铸锭复合材料的最小摩擦系数减小了32.4%。挤压后复合材料的磨损体积和磨损宽度均减小,耐磨性也得到了很大的提高。复合材料的磨损机制是以磨粒磨损为主,轻微粘着磨损为辅。 ZrB_2 / 6063Al aluminum matrix composites were prepared by in-situ reaction using 6063Al- (K 2 ZrF 6 + KBF 4) as reaction system. The composites were plasticized by extrusion method. The microstructural changes of the composites before and after extrusion and the effects of extrusion process on the friction and wear properties of the composites were studied. The results show that the as-produced in-situ composites have a grain size of 30-50 μm, and the ZrB 2 particles are regular polygons with serious agglomeration. After extrusion processing, the composite grain refinement, the size of 7 ~ 14μm, enhanced particles were rounded polygons, evenly distributed, the size of 1 ~ 3μm, agglomeration improved. As the squeeze enhanced particle distribution more uniform, the particles more blunt, making the friction wear scar surface more smooth, the difference between the various parts of the concave and convex reduce. The friction coefficient decreases with the increase of the load. The minimum friction coefficient is 0.29 when the load is 12 N, and decreases by 32.4% compared with the minimum friction coefficient of the original ingot composite. After extrusion, the wear volume and wear width of the composites decrease, and the wear resistance has also been greatly improved. The wear mechanism of composite materials is based on abrasive wear, supplemented by a slight stick wear.