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目的:为日化产品霉腐微生物污染的治理及其防腐体系的构建提供科学依据。方法:采集腐败变质的日化产品样品进行霉腐微生物培养。细菌鉴定按照《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》及16S rRNA序列和生物梅里埃API系统执行,真菌鉴定按《真菌鉴定手册》及BIOLOG鉴定系统执行。结果:日化产品中腐败霉变的微生物53.6%为革兰阴性细菌,其中的主要类群为假单胞菌、洋葱伯克氏菌、肠杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。革兰阳性细菌以芽孢杆菌(17.6%)和葡萄球菌(3.2%)为主。真菌主要为曲霉属和青霉属。乳状(包括乳液)日化产品中分离出的微生物最多,占总比例的36.0%。导致各个区域日化产品霉腐的微生物最主要的为G+芽孢杆菌、G-杆菌和曲霉属。其中除中部外,其它区域的G-杆菌比例皆在50%以上。结论:导致日化产品的霉腐微生物种类较多,应根据其种类、理化性状及地域不同进行治理。
Objective: To provide a scientific basis for the management of moldy microbial contamination of daily chemical products and the construction of its preservative system. Methods: Samples of decayed daily chemical products were collected for mycosis microbial culture. Bacterial identification was performed in accordance with the Common Bacterial System Identification Manual and 16S rRNA Sequencing and BioMérieu API System, and the fungal identification was performed according to the Fungal Identification Manual and the BIOLOG identification system. RESULTS: 53.6% of the spoilage microorganisms in the cosmetic products were Gram-negative bacteria. The main groups were Pseudomonas, Burkholderia cepacia, Enterobacter and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus (17.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (3.2%) based. The fungi are mainly Aspergillus and Penicillium. The largest number of microorganisms was isolated from the milky (including milk) cosmetic products, accounting for 36.0% of the total. The most important microorganisms that cause mold rot in the daily chemical products of various regions are Bacillus Bacillus, G-Bacillus and Aspergillus. Among them, except for the middle part, the proportion of G-bacteria in other areas are more than 50%. Conclusion: There are many types of moldy microorganisms that cause daily chemical products, which should be controlled according to their types, physical and chemical properties and geographical differences.