我国地域辽阔,自然条件复杂,是世界上灾害发生率最高、受损最严重的少数国家之一。一般年份,全国受灾害影响的人口约2亿人,其中因灾死亡数千人,需转移安置300多万人,有近6000万灾民需要救济。同时,我国又是自然灾害频发的国家,几乎所有的自然灾害,如水灾、旱灾、地震、台风,每年都有发生。一般年份,全国农作物受灾面积4000多万公顷,成灾2000多万公顷,倒塌房屋300万间左右。大灾之后,房屋被毁,农田和公共设施严重损坏,急需重建,但是往往由于受灾面广,加之灾区经济困难,被毁的房屋、设施无法及时得到修复。 China has a vast territory and complex natural conditions. It is one of the few countries in the world with the highest incidence of disasters and the worst damage. In general years, about 200 million people are affected by the disaster in the country. Thousands of them died as a result of the disaster and more than 3 million people need to be relocated. Nearly 60 million victims need relief. At the same time, our country is another country where natural disasters are frequent. Almost all natural disasters such as floods, droughts, earthquakes and typhoons happen every year. In general years, more than 40 million hectares of crops were affected throughout the country, affecting more than 20 million hectares and about 3 million houses collapsed. After the disaster, houses were destroyed, farmland and public facilities were severely damaged, and reconstruction was urgently needed. However, the damaged houses and facilities can not be repaired promptly due to the extensive disaster areas and the economic difficulties in the disaster-hit areas.