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目的明确陕西省及周边地区成年女性宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染基因亚型的分布及年龄特征。方法分析2009年11月至2015年4月在西安交通大学第一附属医院妇科门诊22 306例宫颈样本21种HPV基因分型检测结果。HPV分型检测采用凯普医用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片技术。结果 HPV总感染率为28.84%。高危型HPV(16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68)感染率为26.26%,占HPV阳性标本的91.05%;低危型HPV(6、11、42、43、44、81)感染率为4.81%;高危/低危HPV混合感染率为2.22%。感染率最高的基因亚型为HPV16(9.31%),其他常见高危亚型依次为HPV52(5.08%)、HPV58(4.99%)、HPV18(2.09%)、HPV31(1.95%)、HPV39(1.86%)、HPV33(1.74%);常见低危亚型为HPV6(2.02%)、11(1.56%)、81(1.02%)。HPV总体感染率和高危HPV亚型感染高峰年龄在30~34岁之间,以后随年龄增长逐渐降低,各年龄组间HPV检出率有显著性差异(χ~2值为4.743~85.971,均P<0.05)。结论陕西省及周边地区女性宫颈HPV处于较高的感染水平;其HPV感染基因型符合亚洲人群分布规律,但有一定区域性差异;随着年龄的增高,高危型HPV感染比例逐步缓慢增加。该结果对区域宫颈癌防治和疫苗制备具指导意义。
Objective To determine the distribution and age characteristics of cervical genital HPV infection in Shaanxi Province and its surrounding areas. Methods From November 2009 to April 2015, 21 HPV genotyping tests were performed on 22 306 cervical samples from gynecological clinics in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University. HPV typing detection using Kemp medical nucleic acid molecules rapid diversion hybridization gene chip technology. Results The total HPV infection rate was 28.84%. High-risk HPV (16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,53,56,58,59,66,68) infection rate was 26.26%, accounting for 91.05% of HPV-positive specimens; low risk The infection rate of HPV (6,11,42,43,44,81) was 4.81%. The high-risk / low-risk HPV infection rate was 2.22%. The most common subtypes were HPV16 (9.31%) and other common high risk subtypes were HPV52 (5.08%), HPV58 (4.99%), HPV18 (2.09%), HPV31 , HPV33 (1.74%). The common low-risk subtypes were HPV6 (2.02%), 11 (1.56%) and 81 (1.02%). The overall infection rate of HPV and the risk of high-risk HPV subtype were between 30 and 34 years old, and then gradually decreased with the increase of age. There was a significant difference in HPV detection rate among all age groups (χ ~ 2 = 4.743 ~ 85.971, both P <0.05). Conclusions Female genital HPV in Shaanxi province and surrounding areas is at a high level of infection. The genotypes of HPV infection are in line with the distribution of Asian population, but with some regional differences. As the age increases, the proportion of high-risk HPV infections gradually and slowly increases. The results of regional cervical cancer prevention and vaccine preparation guide.