论文部分内容阅读
（A）
America’s First Black President
Ten-year-old Barack Obama was one of the only three black students at his school in Hawaii, the US. He is different from most of the other students. White girls wanted to touch his hair. A white boy asked him whether his father ate people.
“I lied to them that my father was a Kenyan prince(王子). But I kept asking myself who I was,” said Obama.
37 years later, to everyone’s surprise, the boy became well-known. On November 4th, 2008, Obama became the first black president in US history.
Obama was born to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US in 1961. He grew up in Indonesia and Hawaii. This unusual background(背景) made him wonder who he was. He even wanted to forget this question.
With the help of his friends, Obama finally turned his life around in the university. After leaving from Columbia University in 1983, he had a great idea—working hard to bring change to the world. So he moved from New York to Chicago in 1985 and worked in a poor African-American area for three years. After that, he studied laws in Harvard University and graduated in 1991. Later, he became the third black senator(参议员) in US history.
During his race to the highest post in the US, Obama talked about his background. He called for a United States of America, rather than a white America or a black America.
“奥巴马的成功使马丁•路德•金(Martin Luther King) 的梦想变成了现实。That is: A man should not be judged by the color of his skin, but by the content of his character.” He said at the speech in Chicago after he was elected.
根据短文内容完成下列任务。
1. When Obama was ten years old, the other students at his school were ____ to him.
2. Obama’s father wasn’t a Kenyan prince, was he? ____.
3. From the story we know that Columbia University is in the city of ____.
4. 将文中划线部分译成英语。
_______________________________________
5. 用“people”作主语改写文中划线句子，保持句意不变。
________________________________________
Key:【语篇解读】一位黑人总统用自己的成功向世人表明：不能通过肤色而是要通过他的性格内涵来判定一个人。他就是奥巴马。1.unfriendly/not friendly/not kind/not polite/rude…（答案不唯一，意思符合即可。）由文章第一段事实可知。2.No, he wasn’t. 由第二段的首句中的lie（撒谎）可知。3.New York由文章倒数第三段第三句：moved from New York to Chicago…“从纽约迁到芝加哥”可知，他是在New York上的大学。4.Obama’s success has (already) made Martin Luther King’s dream come true. make sth. do为常见结构。5.People shouldn’t judge a man by the color of his skin, but the content of his character. 考查被动语态与主动语态的相互转换。
(B)
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面方框的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文章中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。
The Secrets of Happiness
__1__ Money and success alone do not bring lasting(长久的) happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
__2__ Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present(现在). You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. __3__
Another secret to leading a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer. __4__
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to help others. __5__ You can help a friend with his or her lessons, go shopping to buy food for your family members, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
A. The second secret of happiness is to do more exercise.
B. If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone.
C. People who have brothers and sisters are happier than others.
D. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life.
E. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness.
F. People who have several close friends live happier and healthier lives.
G. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity.
Key:【语篇解读】幸福人人都想得到，但如何更好地感受幸福呢？本文将给你明确答复。
1.E在第一段作者的主要目的是引出话题，在引出话题前，首先介绍人们追求幸福的现状。2.D通过下一段主题句 “Another secret to leading…”可知答案。3.F通过上句中的 “or spending time with close friends”可知答案。4.G通过本段主题句，可知感受幸福的另外一个秘密就是积极参加一些活动，以便忘记烦恼。5.B本段主要讲的是感受幸福的第三个诀窍是乐于助人，故本题答案为B。
（C）
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第1-10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
The Chinese were the first nation of people to use surnames(姓) about 2,500 years ago. Western countries did not start to use them until about 1,000 years ago. Until that time, people were simply know only by their given names.
In England, this was not a problem until the French invaded(入侵) in the 11th century.
During this period, most English names became unpopular and only a few popular names were available, such as William, Henry, John, Robert, Richard and Thomas. Finally, People had to start taking a surname to distinguish(区分) themselves from each other. Today, everyone in English-speaking countries has a surname, but where did they come from?
Father’s name
Often a son got his surname from his father by adding “s” or “son” to his father’s given name. Robertson, Williamson, Jackson, Thomson, Richardson, Roberts, Williams and Richards are all common surnames.
Occupation(职业)
Other surnames came from a person’s job such as Cook, Smith, Gardener, Baker, Shepherd, Taylor, Butcher or Carpenter. So the local baker may have been called Henry Baker, the local carpenter William Carpenter and the local smith Henry Smith.
Location
Sometimes people took names of some places for their surnames, for example, the name of their village. Often people were given the name of a physical feature(特征) near their home such as Hill, Field, Wood, Brown or Green. The man who lived by the wood might be called Jack Wood and the man who lived on the top of a nearby hill might be called John Hill.
Characteristics
Often, the other people in the village gave a person his surname. If a person had an unusual physical characteristic, it became part of his name. So, a man who was unusually short might be called John Short or John Little. If he was tall, he may have been called William Tall or William Long. Other common nicknames(绰号) were White(for grey hair), Red(for red hair) and Stout(meaning fat). A son or daughter might inherit(继承) a nickname as a surname even if they themselves did not share the particular characteristic. They probably disliked it but they just had to put up with(忍受) it! Of course, over the years many of these surnames have changed slightly but many are still used today even though most people have forgotten their meanings.
Key:【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国人姓的来历：分别来自父亲的名字、职业、住所或个性。
1.began/started由文章第一段 “Western countries did not start to use them…”可知。2.givengiven name名字。3.job/occupation由文章的第四段可知。4.cook由文章的第四段可知。5.living由文章的第五段可知。6.physical由文章的第五段可知。7.Characteristics第六段的标题。8.unusual由第六段中的第二句可知。9.like由第六段中的 “They probably disliked it but they just had to…”可知。10.same由第六段中的 “they themselves did not share the particular characteristics”可知。
America’s First Black President
Ten-year-old Barack Obama was one of the only three black students at his school in Hawaii, the US. He is different from most of the other students. White girls wanted to touch his hair. A white boy asked him whether his father ate people.
“I lied to them that my father was a Kenyan prince(王子). But I kept asking myself who I was,” said Obama.
37 years later, to everyone’s surprise, the boy became well-known. On November 4th, 2008, Obama became the first black president in US history.
Obama was born to an African father and a white American woman from a small town in the US in 1961. He grew up in Indonesia and Hawaii. This unusual background(背景) made him wonder who he was. He even wanted to forget this question.
With the help of his friends, Obama finally turned his life around in the university. After leaving from Columbia University in 1983, he had a great idea—working hard to bring change to the world. So he moved from New York to Chicago in 1985 and worked in a poor African-American area for three years. After that, he studied laws in Harvard University and graduated in 1991. Later, he became the third black senator(参议员) in US history.
During his race to the highest post in the US, Obama talked about his background. He called for a United States of America, rather than a white America or a black America.
“奥巴马的成功使马丁•路德•金(Martin Luther King) 的梦想变成了现实。That is: A man should not be judged by the color of his skin, but by the content of his character.” He said at the speech in Chicago after he was elected.
根据短文内容完成下列任务。
1. When Obama was ten years old, the other students at his school were ____ to him.
2. Obama’s father wasn’t a Kenyan prince, was he? ____.
3. From the story we know that Columbia University is in the city of ____.
4. 将文中划线部分译成英语。
_______________________________________
5. 用“people”作主语改写文中划线句子，保持句意不变。
________________________________________
Key:【语篇解读】一位黑人总统用自己的成功向世人表明：不能通过肤色而是要通过他的性格内涵来判定一个人。他就是奥巴马。1.unfriendly/not friendly/not kind/not polite/rude…（答案不唯一，意思符合即可。）由文章第一段事实可知。2.No, he wasn’t. 由第二段的首句中的lie（撒谎）可知。3.New York由文章倒数第三段第三句：moved from New York to Chicago…“从纽约迁到芝加哥”可知，他是在New York上的大学。4.Obama’s success has (already) made Martin Luther King’s dream come true. make sth. do为常见结构。5.People shouldn’t judge a man by the color of his skin, but the content of his character. 考查被动语态与主动语态的相互转换。
(B)
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面方框的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文章中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。
The Secrets of Happiness
__1__ Money and success alone do not bring lasting(长久的) happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
__2__ Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present(现在). You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. __3__
Another secret to leading a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer. __4__
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to help others. __5__ You can help a friend with his or her lessons, go shopping to buy food for your family members, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
A. The second secret of happiness is to do more exercise.
B. If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone.
C. People who have brothers and sisters are happier than others.
D. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life.
E. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness.
F. People who have several close friends live happier and healthier lives.
G. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity.
Key:【语篇解读】幸福人人都想得到，但如何更好地感受幸福呢？本文将给你明确答复。
1.E在第一段作者的主要目的是引出话题，在引出话题前，首先介绍人们追求幸福的现状。2.D通过下一段主题句 “Another secret to leading…”可知答案。3.F通过上句中的 “or spending time with close friends”可知答案。4.G通过本段主题句，可知感受幸福的另外一个秘密就是积极参加一些活动，以便忘记烦恼。5.B本段主要讲的是感受幸福的第三个诀窍是乐于助人，故本题答案为B。
（C）
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后第1-10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
The Chinese were the first nation of people to use surnames(姓) about 2,500 years ago. Western countries did not start to use them until about 1,000 years ago. Until that time, people were simply know only by their given names.
In England, this was not a problem until the French invaded(入侵) in the 11th century.
During this period, most English names became unpopular and only a few popular names were available, such as William, Henry, John, Robert, Richard and Thomas. Finally, People had to start taking a surname to distinguish(区分) themselves from each other. Today, everyone in English-speaking countries has a surname, but where did they come from?
Father’s name
Often a son got his surname from his father by adding “s” or “son” to his father’s given name. Robertson, Williamson, Jackson, Thomson, Richardson, Roberts, Williams and Richards are all common surnames.
Occupation(职业)
Other surnames came from a person’s job such as Cook, Smith, Gardener, Baker, Shepherd, Taylor, Butcher or Carpenter. So the local baker may have been called Henry Baker, the local carpenter William Carpenter and the local smith Henry Smith.
Location
Sometimes people took names of some places for their surnames, for example, the name of their village. Often people were given the name of a physical feature(特征) near their home such as Hill, Field, Wood, Brown or Green. The man who lived by the wood might be called Jack Wood and the man who lived on the top of a nearby hill might be called John Hill.
Characteristics
Often, the other people in the village gave a person his surname. If a person had an unusual physical characteristic, it became part of his name. So, a man who was unusually short might be called John Short or John Little. If he was tall, he may have been called William Tall or William Long. Other common nicknames(绰号) were White(for grey hair), Red(for red hair) and Stout(meaning fat). A son or daughter might inherit(继承) a nickname as a surname even if they themselves did not share the particular characteristic. They probably disliked it but they just had to put up with(忍受) it! Of course, over the years many of these surnames have changed slightly but many are still used today even though most people have forgotten their meanings.
Key:【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国人姓的来历：分别来自父亲的名字、职业、住所或个性。
1.began/started由文章第一段 “Western countries did not start to use them…”可知。2.givengiven name名字。3.job/occupation由文章的第四段可知。4.cook由文章的第四段可知。5.living由文章的第五段可知。6.physical由文章的第五段可知。7.Characteristics第六段的标题。8.unusual由第六段中的第二句可知。9.like由第六段中的 “They probably disliked it but they just had to…”可知。10.same由第六段中的 “they themselves did not share the particular characteristics”可知。