一前言重载运输是解决运能与运量矛盾的主要途径,其经济效益是无可置疑的。但开行重载列车以来也出现了一些新问题。据现场反映,轮轨磨耗加剧,轮箍与钢轨剥离损伤增多,换轮换轨明显增加。但对其影响程度、磨耗损伤影响最大的因素,以及如何减轻磨耗剥离和损伤来提高重载运输的经济效益等问题,需要进行综合性调查分析。因此,有必要进行较充分的调查分析(包括必要的测试和计算),从宏观上提出轮轨磨耗加剧原因的调查报告和分析意见,为进一步深入解决这类问题和促进重载运输的发展打下基础。为此,根据铁道部下达课题的要求,我们以丰沙大线为重点,对开行重载组合列车前后的运输情况及轮轨的磨耗损伤 I. Introduction Heavy-haul transport is the main solution to the contradiction between transport capacity and capacity, and its economic efficiency is beyond doubt. However, there have been some new problems since the introduction of heavy-haul trains. According to the scene, wheel-rail abrasion increased, tire-rail detachment damage increased, and wheel change significantly increased. However, the impact of the degree of wear and tear, wear and tear of the greatest impact factors, and how to reduce wear stripping and damage to improve the economic benefits of heavy haulage and other issues, the need for a comprehensive investigation and analysis. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a more thorough investigation and analysis (including the necessary tests and calculations), put forward the investigation reports and analysis opinions on the causes of the wheel-rail abrasion at a macro level, and lay the foundations for further solving these problems and promoting the development of heavy-load transportation basis. To this end, according to the requirements of the Ministry of Railways issued a task, we focus on the Fung Sha major line, the opening and reloading of heavy combined train before and after the transport and wheel and rail wear damage