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辽宁省西部是低山丘陵区,年平均温度7.1℃,年平均降雨量400—500毫米,降雨集中在夏季,具有明显的大陆性气候特征,干燥度小于1,属半干旱类型。植被为油松柞木和草原灌木丛林。土壤属棕色森林土向栗钙土过渡的褐土地带。母质主要为花岗片麻岩风化物。山麓缓坡和河谷两岸为黄土丘陵。在黄土沉积物覆盖层下,常见红色风化壳露头,即红色粘土层。此外,并有松软易风化岩层,如砂岩、页岩和变质岩等。本区近百年来,由于自然植被受到严重破坏,大量水土流失,土壤侵蚀严重,土壤有机质含量低,成为辽宁省的低产区。因此,鉴定本区不同母质的土壤矿物胶体组成及其特征,不仅可以研究这一特定自然条件下土壤矿物的转化和形成,并且有助于了解土壤特性和肥力特征。
The western part of Liaoning Province is a hilly region with an annual average temperature of 7.1 ℃ and an annual average rainfall of 400-500 mm. The rainfall is concentrated in summer and has obvious continental climate characteristics with a dryness of less than 1, which belongs to the semi-arid type. The vegetation is Pinus tabulaeformis and Prairie shrub jungle. Soil is a brownfield of brown forest soil transition to chestnut soil. The parent material is mainly granite gneiss weathering material. Piedmont gentle slopes and valleys on both sides of the Loess Plateau. Under the cover of loess sediments, the outcrop of red weathered crusts, the red clay layer, is common. In addition, there are soft and easily weathered rock formations such as sandstone, shale and metamorphic rocks. In the past 100 years, due to the serious destruction of natural vegetation, a large amount of soil erosion, serious soil erosion and low content of soil organic matter, the area has become a low yielding area in Liaoning Province. Therefore, the identification of soil mineralogical composition and characteristics of different parent materials in this area can not only study the transformation and formation of soil minerals under this particular natural condition, but also help to understand the characteristics of soil properties and fertility.