厉以宁教授提出一个著名的经济观点叫“鳗鱼效应”,包含着一个有趣的故事:古时候日本渔民出海捕鳗,回来时鳗鱼几乎都死光了,只有一个渔民每次捕回来的鳗鱼还活蹦乱跳,他因此而成为一个富翁。直到他身患重病不能出海,才把奥秘告诉儿子:原来他的船舱内放着适量鲶鱼。因二者生性好咬善斗,为了对付鲶鱼的追逐,鳗鱼被迫加大运动,在争斗中生存下来。在美国一个岛上,曾发生过这样一段狼与鹿的故事:二者同居岛上,时常有鹿被狼吃掉。政府为了保护鹿群,便采取措施赶走狼群。然而,鹿不但没有增加,反而逐渐减少,冬季暴风雪来临,鹿竞濒临绝迹。无奈政府只好又放狼入岛。在狼的追逐中,鹿群又奇迹般地强壮兴旺起来。 Prof. Li Yining proposed a famous economic viewpoint called “The Catfish Effect” and it contained an interesting story: In the old days Japanese fishermen went to the sea to catch fish. When they came back, the catfish almost all died. Only one fisherman caught the squid every time. He thus became a rich man. It was not until he was seriously ill that he couldn’t go to the sea and told his son about his secrets: It was originally found in his cabin that there was a proper amount of carp. Because of their good nature and good behavior, in order to cope with the pursuit of squid, squid was forced to intensify the movement to survive the battle. On an American island, there has been a story of wolves and deer: The two cohabitation islands often have deer eaten by wolves. In order to protect the deer, the government took measures to drive away the wolves. However, not only has the deer not increased, but it has gradually decreased. Winter snowstorms have come and deer competition is on the verge of extinction. The government has no choice but to release the wolf into the island. In the wolf’s chase, the deer miraculously thrived.