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本实验旨在研究遗传距离与配合力、杂种优势间相关程度,探讨分子标记技术预测杂种优势的可行性,为杂种优势的预测提供理论基础.利用SSR分子标记技术对1 3份甜玉米自交系聚类分析,继而研究SSR分子标记遗传距离与杂交后代单穗粒重性状杂种优势、配合力效应值的相关性.结果表明:13份甜玉米自交系间的遗传距离0.111 1～0.911 8,平均为0.713 3.以遗传距离0.74为标准,可将13份亲本材料分为四个类群;在亲缘关系较近甜玉米自交系中,应用SSR分子标记遗传距离能够预测单穗粒重性状的杂种优势,即遗传距离越大,总配合力越大,杂种优势越强.这既降低了工作量又简化了操作过程,避免了盲目育种,对甜玉米育种实践有着深远影响.“,”The purpose of this research is study on the relationship between genetic distance and combining ability,heterosis,and discuss the feasibility of using SSR molecular marker technology,that provids a theoretical basis for the prediction of heterosis.In this research,13 sweet corn inbred lines were analysed for clustering dendrogram by using SSR molecular marker technology,which to research the correlations of SSR molecular marker genetic distance and heterosis,combining ability for single grain weight traits from hybrid offspring.The results showed that genetic distances of 13 sweet corn inbred lines were ranged from 0.111 1～0.911 8 with the average of 0.713 3.13 sweet corn inbred lines can be divided into four groups with genetic standard distance of 0.74;In a close genetic relationship of sweet corn inbred line,heterosis was predicted by using SSR molecular marker technology,the greater was genetic distance,the larger was combining ability and the stronger of heterosis.It not only redued works,but also simplified operation processes,avoided blind breeding,which had a far-reaching influence for sweet corn breeding practice.