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病原体感染胎儿时,病原微生物及感染产物被相应受体识别,胎儿先天免疫系统被动激活,产生促炎细胞因子,诱导细胞因子级联反应.机体分泌的大量炎症因子,其毒性作用可引起脑、肺、小肠及心脏等全身重要器官的损伤,严重威胁围生儿的生命及以后的生存质量.研究发现胎儿心血管系统是宫内感染的重要靶器官之一,宫内感染引起的心脏炎症反应产生的细胞因子可损伤心肌细胞,影响心肌细胞增殖能力,引起心功能受损,而且感染对胎儿的持续性影响导致胎儿血管重塑,使胎儿的心肺血流动力学发生持续性变化.该文将从胎儿期心脏炎症反应、心脏血流动力学、心肌细胞发育、心肌细胞基因程序、心脏结构发育等方面讨论宫内感染对胎儿心血管系统的影响.“,”When the pathogen infects the fetus,the pathogenic microorganism and the infection product are recognized by the corresponding receptor.The fetus innate immune system is passively activated,which produces proinflammatory cytokines,induces cascade reaction of cytokines,and releases a large number of inflammatory factors secreted by the body.Its toxic effect can cause damage to the brain,lung,small intestine and heart and other important organs of the whole body,which seriously threatens the life of the perinatal infants and their subsequent survival quality.It has been found that fetal cardiovascular system is one of the important target organs of intrauterine infection.Cytokines produced by cardiac inflammation and induced by intrauterine infection can damage myocardial cells,affect the proliferation of myocardial cells,and cause damage to cardiac function.Moreover,the persistent influence of infection on fetus leads to fetal vascular remodeling and changes in fetal cardiopulmonary hemodynamics.This article reviews the effects of pathogens of intrauterine infection and fetal cardiac inflammation,cardiac hemodynamics,cardiomyocyte development,gene program of cardiomyocyte and cardiac structure development on fetal cardiovascular system.