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浆细胞样树突状细胞(p DC)是一种功能较为特殊的DC,可以通过胞质内Toll样受体(TLR)识别病毒RNA或细菌非甲基化DNA,产生大量1型干扰素,参与抗病毒免疫过程,同时p DC可以提呈抗原给T细胞,诱导CD8+细胞毒T细胞和CD4+效应T细胞分化并决定其反应类型,是联系固有免疫和适应性免疫的重要细胞。p DC的共刺激分子表达谱与经典的DC(c DC)不同,其活化性共刺激分子表达较少,刺激T细胞免疫反应的能力较弱,有利于诱导CD4+或CD8+调节性T细胞,对于诱导和维持免疫耐受具有十分关键的作用,在自身免疫性疾病和器官移植中有非常重要的应用前景。本文综述了p DC的发生、发育和功能特点以及近年来在诱导免疫耐受方面的研究进展。
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs), a more potent type of DC that recognizes viral RNA or bacterial unmethylated DNA via intracytoplasmic Toll-like receptors (TLRs), produce large numbers of type 1 interferons, Participate in antiviral immune process, at the same time, p DC can present antigens to T cells, induce CD8 + cytotoxic T cells and CD4 + effector T cells to differentiate and determine their reaction types, which are the important cells to contact innate and adaptive immunity. The expression of costimulatory molecule of p DC is different from that of classical DC (c DC), its expression of costimulatory molecule is less, its ability of stimulating T cell immune response is weak, which is good for inducing CD4 + or CD8 + regulatory T cells. Induction and maintenance of immune tolerance has a crucial role in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation has a very important application prospects. This review summarizes the occurrence, developmental and functional characteristics of p DC and the recent advances in the induction of immune tolerance.