论文部分内容阅读
该文比较了甘蓝型油菜小孢子产生植株染色体加倍的三种方法：秋水仙碱处理小孢子再生植株，秋水仙碱处理小孢子诱导的胚和秋水仙碱处理离体小孢子。处理整株，有５３％的处理植株结实，但植株生长迟缓，结实率下降。用秋水仙碱处理小孢子诱导胚，植株加倍率为３２％（与１５％的自然加倍率相比）。秋水仙碱直接处理离体小孢子可使７０％的植株整体加倍，同时还刺激了培养小孢子的胚胎发生，从而提高植株再生率。因而，使离体小孢子的染色体直接加倍是很有效的。３年中，已采用这种方法得到了１００００多株加倍单倍体植株以加速育种进程。
This paper compares three methods of doubling the chromosomes of plantlets produced by microspore in Brassica napus: colchicine treatment of microspore regeneration plants, colchicine treatment of microspore-induced embryos and colchicine treatment of microspores in vitro. Treatment of the whole plant, 53% of the treated plants strong, but the plant growth retardation, seed setting rate decreased. Microspore-induced embryos were treated with colchicine and the plant doubling rate was 32% (compared to a natural doubling rate of 15%). Direct treatment of microspore with colchicine can double 70% of the whole plant, and stimulate the embryogenesis of microspore and enhance the plant regeneration rate. Therefore, it is very effective to directly double the chromosomes of isolated microspores. Over three years, more than 10,000 doubled haploid plants have been used to speed up the breeding process.