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前兆信息的观测和分析是地震预报的基础工作之一。发自地壳深部的地壳形变信息,通过地壳介质传到地表,被安置于地表基岩上的仪器记到。因此,仪器的记录中既包含信息,又包含地表大气噪声。我们的目标是要取得较大信噪比的观测结果,为此,除提高仪器的灵敏度、避开地表大气的干扰外(地下、井下、山洞观测),如何把仪器放置到最大信息的地壳部位也是一个值得重视的问题。
Observation and analysis of precursor information is one of the basic tasks of earthquake prediction. Crustal deformation information originating in the deep crust is transmitted through the crustal medium to the surface and is recorded by instruments placed on bedrock. Therefore, the instrument’s record contains both information and surface atmosphere noise. Our goal is to obtain a larger signal-to-noise ratio. To do this, we should place the instrument on the crust of the maximum information, except to increase the sensitivity of the instrument and to avoid interference with the surface atmosphere (subsurface, downhole, cave observation) It is also a problem that deserves attention.