带有断层破碎带、接触破碎带、裂隙密集带和强烈蚀变带等破碎岩体已成为地下工程开挖和维护的大敌。不仅影响施工进度、恶化施工条件,还大大增加了工程费用。国内外工程技术界的大量工作表明,巷道施工过程中的冒顶片帮、成巷后支护结构的变形破坏,主要是围岩应力引起的。这种应力往往具有膨胀性、松软性、流变形和偏压性等特点。对此,人们在设计和施工中试验和应用了多种多样的断面形状和支护结构。它们虽然也有一定的效用,但有时在技术经济上还不够合理。 Broken rock mass with fault fracture zone, contact broken zone, fissure intensive zone and strong alteration zone has become the enemy of excavation and maintenance of underground engineering. Not only affect the progress of construction, deterioration of construction conditions, but also greatly increased the cost of the project. A large number of domestic and international engineering and technical work shows that during the construction of the roadway, the roof-topping and deformation of the supporting structure after tunneling are mainly caused by the surrounding rock stress. This stress tends to be expansive, soft, deformable and biased. In response, people in the design and construction of a variety of test and application of cross-sectional shape and support structure. Although they also have some useful effects, they are sometimes not technically and economically reasonable enough.