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目的：眼部屈光结构的正常与否及其相互间的协调平衡是保证正常视功能的重要条件，因而眼部屈光结构的测定分析是研究近视眼发生发展规律及屈光成分间相互关系的重要方法。方法：以１３～２５岁青少年为研究对象，应用眼科Ａ型超声生物测量仪及角膜曲率计，由ＳＡＳ软件支持，对２４０例近视眼屈光程度和屈光各要素（眼轴长度、前房深度、晶体厚度、玻璃体腔长度、角膜屈折力）测量值进行分析。结果：眼轴长度（ｂ＝０３６０）及玻璃体腔长度（ｂ＝０３５７）均与近视程度呈显著正相关；角膜散光与总和散光呈显著正相关；用多元逐步回归分析法筛选出影响近视程度的屈光要素：眼轴长度和角膜屈折力。结论：（１）眼轴增长和角膜屈折力增加是近视眼发生、发展的重要因素，眼轴长度对屈光程度的影响居首位，尤其对中、高度近视眼更为显著，且眼轴延长基本是玻璃体腔的延长。（２）青少年角膜散光主要为循规性散光，角膜散光是眼散光的主要因素。
OBJECTIVE: The normal or not of ocular refractive structures and the coordination and balance between them are the important conditions to ensure the normal visual function. Therefore, the analysis of ocular refractive structure is to study the development of myopia and the relationship between refractive components The important method. Methods: A total of 240 adolescents aged from 13 to 25 years were enrolled in this study. The ophthalmic type A ultrasonic bio-measuring instrument and corneal curvature meter were used. SAS software was used to analyze the refractive and refractive factors of 240 myopic eyes (axial length, anterior chamber Depth, crystal thickness, vitreous cavity length, corneal refractive power) measurements were analyzed. Results: The axial length (b = 0360) and the length of the vitreous cavity (b = 0357) were positively correlated with the degree of myopia. Corneal astigmatism was positively correlated with total astigmatism. The multivariate stepwise regression analysis Refractive factors affecting the degree of myopia: axial length and corneal refractive power. Conclusion: (1) The increase of axial length and the increase of corneal refractive power are important factors in the occurrence and development of myopia. The effect of axial length on refractive degree is the highest, especially for middle and high myopia, Prolong the basic is the extension of the vitreous cavity. (2) Corneal astigmatism in adolescents is mainly astigmatism, corneal astigmatism is the main factor of astigmatism.