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磁性微粒作为一种新型高分子材料,因其兼具功能性微球的众多特性和磁响应性,已成为磁性材料研究领域的一个重点研究方向。文章阐述了磁性高分子微粒的结构类型及特点,对磁性微粒的几种制备方法的基本原理、工艺过程及特点进行了综述,评述了磁性微粒制备的研究工作,并分析了方法的优缺点。介绍了磁性微粒在免疫测定、细胞分离、蛋白质纯化、固定化酶、核酸杂交等多个研究领域的应用情况,在评述其优缺点的同时也对其发展前景进行了展望。
As a new type of polymer material, magnetic particles have become one of the most important research fields in the field of magnetic materials because of their many characteristics and magnetic reactivity. This paper describes the structure types and characteristics of magnetic polymer particles. The basic principle, process and characteristics of several magnetic particle preparation methods are reviewed. The research work on the preparation of magnetic particles is reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are also analyzed. The application of magnetic particles in many fields such as immunoassay, cell separation, protein purification, immobilized enzyme and nucleic acid hybridization are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of the magnetic particles are also reviewed.