修辞性方法的开创人物、美国文学批评家韦恩·布思在其《小说修辞学》中率先提出了“不可靠叙述”的概念,他把“按照作品规范说话和行动的叙述者称作可靠叙述者,反之称为不可靠叙述者”~②。布思的学生和好友、著名的后经典修辞性叙事理论家詹姆斯·费伦对此做了进一步引申:“无论何时,只要我们有一个人物——叙述者,不管这个人物是主人公、目击者,或与行动相隔甚远的转述者,可靠性的问题就 Wayne Booth, the pioneer figure of rhetoric method, the American literary critic Wayne Booth pioneered the concept of ”unreliable narration“ in his ”Rhetoric of Novels“. He put ”the narrator who speaks and acts in accordance with his work Known as reliable narrator, on the contrary as unreliable narrator “~ ②. Booth’s students and friends, the famous post-classical rhetorical narrative theorist James Phelan, further extended this by saying: ”Whenever we have a character-narrator, whether the character is the protagonist, witness Or the translator who is far away from the action, the question of reliability