农村的环境污染和生态破坏问题已经成为保持农村经济可持续发展的一大障碍。我国农村废弃物每年大约有40多亿吨,其中农作物秸秆7亿吨,畜禽粪便排放26.1亿吨,蔬菜废弃物1亿吨~1.5亿吨,废弃农膜等塑料2.5万吨,乡镇生活垃圾和人粪便2.5亿吨。过去,在促进物质能量循环和培肥地力方面,农村废弃物被农民作为有机肥使用曾发挥了巨大的作用。但是,随着市场经济的发展,新的 The problem of environmental pollution and ecological destruction in rural areas has become a major obstacle to the sustainable development of the rural economy. There are more than 4 billion tons of rural waste in China every year, including 700 million tons of crop residues, 2.61 billion tons of livestock and poultry excreta, 100 million tons to 150 million tons of vegetable wastes, and 25,000 tons of plastics such as abandoned agricultural plastics. And man excrement 250 million tons. In the past, rural waste had been used by farmers as organic fertilizers to play a huge role in promoting material energy cycle and fertility. However, with the development of market economy, new