论文部分内容阅读
输血作为临床的重要治疗手段已有百余年历史 ,它成功地挽救了无数患者的生命。然而 ,随着科学技术日新月异 ,检测水平的不断提高 ,临床经验的积累 ,使人们逐渐认识到输血也有风险和多种副作用 ,如输血有传播多种病毒、细菌、寄生虫等所致疾病的可能 ,尤其是输血传播各型肝炎、艾滋病、巨细胞病毒感染的机会相对较大。此外 ,输血还可发生免疫抑制、溶血、急性肺损伤、移植物抗宿主病等多种严重副反应。所以在临床工作中 ,一定要正确掌握输血适应证 ,可输可不输者 ,坚持不输 ;能少输者 ,坚持不多输 ;必须输血者 ,坚持成分血输注。近年来 ,经各国政府及有关单位的严格把关 ,输血的安全性已有了非常大的提高 ;经过近年的宣传 ,临床医生对输血的认识已有了一定程度的提高 ,但仍存在不少问题。为帮助广大儿科临床医生了解有关临床输血研究的进展和临床应用 ,进一步提高儿科临床输血水平 ,本刊组织了这次“输血与儿科临床”的专题连续讲座。本次专题连续讲座共 12讲 ,每期 1讲
Transfusion as an important clinical treatment has been a hundred years of history, it successfully saved the lives of countless patients. However, with the ever-changing science and technology, the continuous improvement of the level of detection and the accumulation of clinical experience, people are gradually realizing that blood transfusion is also at risk and has many side effects such as the possibility of transfusion of diseases caused by many viruses, bacteria and parasites , Especially blood transfusion of various types of hepatitis, AIDS, cytomegalovirus infection is relatively large. In addition, transfusion can occur immunosuppression, hemolysis, acute lung injury, graft-versus-host disease and other serious side effects. Therefore, in clinical work, we must correctly grasp the indications of transfusion, may lose no losers, insist on not losing; less losers, insist on less lose; must blood transfusion, adhere to the components of blood transfusion. In recent years, the safety of blood transfusion has been greatly improved by strict checks by governments and relevant agencies. After the publicity in recent years, clinicians’ understanding of blood transfusion has been somewhat improved, but many problems still exist . In order to help the majority of pediatric clinicians understand the progress and clinical application of clinical blood transfusion research and further improve the clinical pediatric blood transfusion levels, the journal organizes a series of continuous lectures on “transfusion and pediatric clinical.” The topic of a total of 12 consecutive lectures, each period of 1 speaking