马克思曾说过:“暴力是每一个孕育着新社会的旧社会的助产婆。”①在中国近代史上,洪秀全领导太平军率先用暴力形式向腐朽没落的清王朝发动了猛烈的冲击。不幸,这位“助产婆’推出的却是一个畸形的胎儿,最终也夭折了。导致如此结局的原因很多,洪秀全的立国意识(包括对新社会模式的设计、对新的国家政权及其组织形式的追求等)更难辞其咎。 Marx once said: “Violence is the midwife of every old society that breeds a new society.” 1 In modern Chinese history, Hong Xiuquan led the Taiping Army to take the lead in violently attacking the decadent Qing Dynasty. Unfortunately, the “Midwife” launched a deformity fetus that eventually died.Many reasons have led to such an outcome. Hong Xiuquan’s awareness of establishing a nation (including the design of a new social model, the new state power and its The pursuit of organizational forms, etc.) more difficult to blame.