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长江三峡水库是特大型水库.长江三峡水利枢纽建成后,由于水动力条件改变,引起水库上、下河段河流地貌发育过程的一系列变化,对环境产生如下冲击和影响:①基准面抬高,流入水库各条支流在入库河口区及以下区域迅速产生水下淤积,形成河口拦门沙和水下三角洲.②水库上游河道发生变形.水库蓄水后引起库岸变形,这种库岸变形可能延续几十年的时间,影响到库岸的稳定性、水库库区附近淹没浸没以及水库渗漏等.水库运营时清水下泄,引起水库下游河床冲刷以及下游河道变形,受影响最大的是武汉及其以上荆江河段.根据三峡库区的实际情况,认为影响最大、最应该立项和进行综合研究的问题有3个方面:第一,入库河流河口地区的水下淤积问题;第二,水库运营过程中引起的库岸变形及库岸的稳定性问题;第三,水库下游清水下泄河床重新调整时,对下游荆江等河道的影响.
After the completion of the Three Gorges Project, the change of hydrodynamic conditions will cause a series of changes of the river topography in the upper and lower reaches of the reservoir, resulting in the following impacts and impacts on the environment: ① elevation of the datum , And all the tributaries flowing into the reservoir quickly formed underwater sedimentation in the estuary area and into the following areas to form estuarine barren and subaqueous deltas.② The upper reaches of the reservoirs were deformed and caused bank deformation after the impoundment, Deformation may continue for several decades, affecting the stability of the reservoir bank, submerged submerged near reservoir reservoir area and reservoir leakage, etc. When the reservoir is in operation, the clear water is discharged, causing the riverbed erosion downstream of the reservoir and the deformation of the downstream river channel, the most affected Wuhan and above the Jingjiang reach.According to the actual situation in the Three Gorges reservoir area, that the most influential, the most should be the project and conduct a comprehensive study of the problem there are three aspects: First, the inflow of river estuaries area underwater deposition problem; the second The reservoir bank deformation and the stability of the reservoir bank caused by the operation of the reservoir; thirdly, when the water discharged into the lower reaches of the reservoir is readjusted, Impact.