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应用通径分析和逐步回归相结合的统计方法,研究了籽粒产量一般和较高的两种玉米杂种群体(它们分别由一般自交系杂交和优良自交系杂交的单交种组成)中高产基因型的基本性状。结果表明,高产基因型的特征随群体的产量水平而异。对于产量一般杂种群体,主要特征是果穗较长、较粗,粒重较高;对于产量较高杂种群体,主要特征是轴重和出籽率皆较高。由于轴重和出籽率有着极显著(α<0.01)的负相关,后者的产量改良将比前者困难得多。
Using statistical methods combined with path analysis and stepwise regression, we studied the high yield of two maize hybrids with higher and higher grain yield (they were composed of single inbreds crossed with inbred and elite inbred lines, respectively) The basic traits of genotypes. The results showed that the characteristics of high-yielding genotypes varied with the yield level of the population. For the general hybrid population, the main characteristics are longer, coarser grains and higher grain weight; for the higher-yielding hybrid population, the main characteristics are higher axial weight and seed-setting rate. Because of the extremely significant (α <0.01) negative correlation between shaft weight and seed yield, the yield improvement of the latter will be much more difficult than the former.