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目的及时掌握地震灾区病媒生物密度变化情况,给灾区虫媒传染病、自然疫源性疾病以及人兽共患疾病的防治提供科学依据。方法从2008年6月13日至10月31日,在地震灾区北川县、平武县、安县和江油市的灾民安置点及其周围环境每周1次监测蚊、蝇、鼠密度。采用目测法测定蚊、蝇密度,采用鼠迹法测定鼠密度,对病媒生物防制效果进行问卷调查。结果蚊虫平均密度为4.60只/人工小时,较地震前(1.26只/人工小时)上升了265.08%;鼠类平均密度为0.74处/2000m,与历史鼠密度(0.32处/2000m)相比上升了131.25%;蝇类平均密度为0.35只/m2,较地震前(2.47只/m2)下降了85.83%。结论地震灾区病媒生物预防控制的各项措施得到落实,清除病媒生物孳生地及开展化学防治是控制病媒生物的有效措施。
Objective To grasp the change of vector density in earthquake-stricken areas in time and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of vector-borne diseases, natural foci and zoonotic diseases in the disaster areas. Methods From June 13, 2008 to October 31, 2008, mosquito, fly and rat density were monitored once a week in the resettlement sites and surrounding areas of Beichuan County, Pingwu County, An County and Jiangyou City in the earthquake-hit areas. The mosquito and fly density were measured by visual inspection, the rat density was measured by mouse trace method, and the biological control effect of vector was investigated by questionnaire. Results The average density of mosquitoes was 4.60 per artificial hour, which was 265.08% higher than that before the earthquake (1.26 per artificial hour). The average density of mice was 0.74 per 2000 m, which was increased compared with the historical rat density (0.32 per 2000 m) 131.25%. The average density of flies was 0.35 / m 2, 85.83% lower than that before the earthquake (2.47 / m 2). Conclusion The measures to prevent and control vector diseases in earthquake-stricken areas have been implemented. The removal of vector breeding sites and chemical control are effective measures to control vector diseases.