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目的了解我院1991—2005年各科住院患者中糖尿病患者的死亡原因以及急慢性并发症的情况等临床资料,为糖尿病的预防提供理论依据。方法利用住院患者电脑化管理数据库进行检索,确定入选病历号后,调阅所有糖尿病死亡患者病历。以所抽取的死亡糖尿病患者的住院病历为原始资料进行回顾性调查。制定并且逐项填写统一的表格。结果糖尿病死亡的患者中心脏病占68.2%,高血压病占64.4%,糖尿病肾病占60.6%,肺部感染占54.3%。脑血管病变占69.8%,周围神经病变占30.4%,肿瘤占19.5%,肝病占15.1%,糖尿病合并眼病占15.0%,合并泌尿系统感染占13.5%。糖尿病足占13.0%。上消化道出血占9.6%。肺结核占9.0%,其他占34.2%。结论糖尿病患者病死原因中心脑血管并发症居首位,且病死率与糖尿病病程、年龄呈正相关。有效地控制高血糖、高血压、高血脂,积极防治感染,保护脏器功能,对降低糖尿病患者的病死率有重要意义。
Objective To understand the clinical data of death causes and acute and chronic complications in diabetic inpatients from 1991 to 2005 in our hospital and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of diabetes. Methods The inpatients’ computerized management database was used for searching. After confirming the selected medical records, all patients with diabetes died were referred to the medical record. A retrospective survey was conducted on the basis of the in-patient medical records of the deceased diabetics. Formulate and item by item a uniform form. Results Diabetes died in 68.2% of patients with heart disease, hypertension accounted for 64.4%, diabetic nephropathy accounted for 60.6%, pulmonary infection accounted for 54.3%. Cerebrovascular disease accounted for 69.8%, peripheral neuropathy accounted for 30.4%, tumor accounted for 19.5%, liver disease accounted for 15.1%, diabetic eye disease accounted for 15.0%, combined urinary tract infection accounted for 13.5%. Diabetic foot accounted for 13.0%. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding accounted for 9.6%. Tuberculosis accounted for 9.0%, others accounted for 34.2%. Conclusions The cause of death of patients with diabetes mellitus ranks first in cardiovascular complications, and the mortality is positively correlated with the course and age of diabetes mellitus. Effective control of hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, prevention and treatment of infections, protection of organ function, reduce the mortality of diabetic patients is important.