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目的为掌握延安重点厂矿企业职业健康现状,为有关部门制定职业健康规划提供参考。方法 2011年6—12月,按上级主管部门制定的普查方案要求,对延安石油、天然气、砂石采矿、机械制造等375个厂矿企业15 500名在岗职工进行职业健康检查,结合对工作场所中主要职业病危害因素的现场勘察结果,进行综合分析。结果该次检查未发现肯定的职业病和疑似职业病病例。查出听力下降15例,肺功能性深度呼吸力减弱65例,肺部阴影及双肺黏膜粘连16例,心电图异常率为5.09%。高血压及B超异常[肝(肾)囊肿、结石、脂肪肝等]占检查人数的18.41%。妇科检查3 845人中,滴虫病、梅毒、宫颈炎、附件炎、盆腔炎和阴道炎等妇科病占受检数的70.43%。结论 375个厂矿企业的15 500名在岗员工职业健康状况基本稳定,职业病危害系数较小,但有些工种岗位长期接触多种有毒有害因素,易产生多种次生疾病,导致职业性病变。因此,企业要认真做好职业健康监护,要从源头抓起,改善作业环境,加强动态监测,主动预防,防止职业病发生。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health in key factories and mines in Yan’an and provide references for the departments concerned to formulate occupational health plans. Methods From June to December 2011, according to the requirements of the census program formulated by the superior authorities, the occupational health examination was conducted on 15 500 on-the-job staff and workers in 375 factories and mines in Yan’an, such as oil and natural gas, gravel mining and machinery manufacturing, The main occupational hazards in situ survey results, a comprehensive analysis. Results of this test found no positive occupational diseases and suspected cases of occupational diseases. Hearing loss was detected in 15 cases, 65 cases of pulmonary function of deep breathing decreased, lung shadow and pulmonary mucosa adhesion in 16 cases, the abnormal rate of ECG was 5.09%. Hypertension and B-abnormalities [liver (kidney) cysts, stones, fatty liver, etc.] accounted for 18.41% of the number of examinations. Gynecological examination 3 845 people, trichomoniasis, syphilis, cervicitis, annex inflammation, pelvic inflammatory disease and vaginitis and other gynecological diseases accounted for 70.43% of the seizure. Conclusion The occupational health status of 15 500 on-the-job employees in 375 factories and mines is basically stable and the coefficient of occupational hazard is small. However, some job-seekers are exposed to many toxic and harmful factors for a long time and are prone to multiple secondary diseases, leading to occupational diseases. Therefore, enterprises should conscientiously do a good job occupational health monitoring, we must start from the source, improve the operating environment, strengthen dynamic monitoring, take the initiative to prevent and prevent occupational diseases.