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托马斯·阿奎那的道德神学思想代表中世纪道德神学发展的高峰,其良心观念是其道德神学思想中的组成部分,并在《神学大全》和《论真理》中有充分的说明和阐述。《神学大全》大体上是对《论真理》的总结,本文将以《神学大全》为主要材料分析阿奎那的良心观,主要内容包括人的理智、自然法、良心和良知、服从良心的义务等。良心被认为是伦理道德判断的一种机制,对良心的研究可以帮助人们达到自然本性的目的,规范人们的世俗道德生活,引导人们行善避恶。
The moral theology of Thomas Aquinas represents the peak of the development of medieval moral theology. Its conscience concept is an integral part of its moral theology and is well illustrated and elaborated in Theological Theses and Truth. Theological Theses is generally a summary of The Truth. This paper will analyze Aquinas’ conscience with the theological text as the main material. The main contents include human reason, natural law, conscience and conscience, conscience Obligations and so on. Conscience is regarded as a mechanism of ethical judgment. Research on conscience can help people achieve the purpose of natural nature, regulate people’s secular and moral life, and guide people to do good and avoid evil.