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目的了解北京市平谷区中学生关于食品营养标签的认知度、应用情况及相关影响因素,为指导中学生合理膳食提供科学依据。方法对北京市平谷区某中学1 535名学生进行有关营养标签的问卷调查。使用Epi Data 3.2录入数据库,用SPSS 17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果在调查的1 535人中,营养标签的知晓率为80.65%;购买食品时看食品包装上的营养标签的1 053人,占68.60%。1 053人中完全了解营养成分表的仅118人,占11.21%;部分了解的793人,占75.31%。完全能看懂营养成分表的133人,占12.63%;部分能看懂的734人,占69.71%。在看食品包装上营养标签的学生中,主要是对蛋白质和脂肪比较关心,分别有734人(69.71%)和616人(58.50%),其次是维生素578人(54.89%)和能量497人(47.20%)。其中不同性别对不同营养素成分的关注程度差异有统计学意义;不同性别根据食品标签上的营养成分表选择食品的差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.077,P<0.05)。结论对中学生行食品营养标签使用和营养素对人体健康作用等知识的宣传教育,提高学生对食品营养标签的认知度、使用度,避免盲目购买包装食品,养成合理膳食行为习惯。
Objective To understand the cognition, application and related factors of high school students in Pinggu district of Beijing from the perspective of nutritional labeling and to provide a scientific basis for guiding middle school students’ reasonable diet. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 535 students in a middle school in Pinggu District of Beijing. Use Epi Data 3.2 input database, with SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis of the data. Results Among the 1 535 people surveyed, the awareness rate of nutrition labeling was 80.65%. When purchasing food, 1,053 people were aware of the nutrition labeling on food packaging, accounting for 68.60%. Of the 1 053 people, only 118 were fully aware of the nutritional content of the table, accounting for 11.21%; 793 were partially informed, accounting for 75.31%. 133 people can fully understand the nutritional content of the table, accounting for 12.63%; some can read 734, accounting for 69.71%. 734 (69.71%) and 616 (58.50%) were interested in the nutrition labeling of food packaging, followed by 578 (54.89%) vitamins and 497 47.20%). Among them, the gender differences in the attention of different nutrient components were statistically significant; the differences of the sex selection according to the nutritional content of food labeling table were statistically significant (χ2 = 26.077, P <0.05). Conclusions The publicity and education of middle school students on the use of food nutrition labeling and the effect of nutrients on human health are carried out to improve students’ awareness and use of food nutrition labeling and to avoid blindly purchasing packaged food and cultivating reasonable dietary habits.