吸烟是引起多种疾病的危险因素,尤其是致癌的危险因素。近年来,在日本癌症死亡率一直上升,在所有癌症中,肺癌增长得最明显。吸烟与肺癌从16世纪开始,吸烟已普及全世界。但是,直至20世纪才发现吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。Müller在1918～1937年的所进行的全部尸检中发现肺癌增多;而且仅限于男性。因此他认为吸烟可能是肺癌的原因之一。Müller以健康者为对照,对吸烟者尸检肺癌进行分析发现,对照组中不吸烟的人居多,而肺癌病例中严重吸烟的人居多。Müller于1939年报道了这项调查。同时指出预防肺癌的重要措施之一就是戒烟。继Müller的报告之后,又开展了一些吸烟和肺癌 Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases, especially carcinogenic risk factors. In recent years, the death rate of cancer in Japan has been rising. Among all the cancers, the growth of lung cancer is most obvious. Smoking and Lung Cancer Since the 16th century, smoking has spread worldwide. However, the link between smoking and lung cancer was not discovered until the 20th century. Müller found an increase in lung cancer at all necropsy performed from 1918 to 1937; it was limited to men. Therefore, he believes that smoking may be one of the reasons for lung cancer. Müller’s analysis of healthy subjects showed that the majority of non-smokers in the control group were mostly those who smoked, and the majority of those who were severely smokers were lung cancers. Müller reported this investigation in 1939. At the same time, one of the important measures to prevent lung cancer is to quit smoking. After Müller’s report, some smoking and lung cancers were carried out