郑玄注释《仪礼》,往往对该书中的今古文字有着明确的判定。然而在中国古代,古今文字可以有多种不同的写法,郑玄以当时所见有限的文献而作出的今、古判断,难免有所偏差,而后人因为缺少相关的文献资料,所以每每将此偏差之见仍奉为经典而加以引证。本文利用近年来的出土文献及古代汉碑、汉石经、字书、韵书等相关资源,就《仪礼》中郑玄所注四十例今古文字作一番正误的考证。在此基础上认为,研究《仪礼》首先应审视今古文本的差异,同时认为汉代学者们最初对古今之争并不具有明确意识,后由于外在因素的刺激,此种争论成为“学”与“术”之争。这样的争论一方面起着传播经学的作用,另一方面又扭曲甚至阻碍了经学的重建。而且,汉代学者往往以古今文字混杂的方式研究经学,古今之争在东汉末年渐渐消失,所以,不宜夸大古今之争在汉代经学研究中的作用。最后,文章认为,以汉石经为模版来判定文字之古今也并不确切。 Zheng Xuan comment “ritual”, often in the book today’s ancient writing has a clear decision. However, in ancient China, ancient and modern Chinese writings could be written in many different ways. Zheng Xuan’s judgment of the present and the ancient made by the limited literature at that time inevitably led to some deviation. However, because of the lack of related literatures, The view is still regarded as a classic and cited. This article makes use of the unearthed literature in recent years and related resources such as ancient Han tablet, Han stone script, word book, rhyme book, etc. On this basis, it is considered that the study of “ceremonies” should first examine the differences between ancient and modern texts, and at the same time think that the scholars of the Han Dynasty did not have a clear awareness of the ancient and modern disputes at first, but were exaggerated by external factors, Learning “and ” surgery "dispute. On the one hand, such arguments play the role of disseminating Confucian classics and, on the other hand, distort or even hinder the reconstruction of Confucian classics. Moreover, scholars of Han Dynasty tend to study Confucian classics in ancient and modern ways. The debate between ancient and modern times gradually disappeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Therefore, it is not appropriate to exaggerate the role played by the ancient and modern struggles in the study of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty. Finally, the article holds that it is not true that ancient and modern Chinese texts are based on the Han scriptures.