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本病的原因很多,统计门静脉高压症923例中肝硬化者547例,约占60%。静脉曲张一旦破裂,则容易发生致命的大出血,全身血容量急剧减少。伴有肝功不良者则因出血而致进行性肝功衰竭,多合并有脾功亢进。因血液凝固障碍很难自然止血。本病在上消化道出血中仅次于胃十二指肠溃疡、胃癌出血,据报道占所有上消化道出血的6.4%～18.7%。其预后与肝损害程度有密切关系。现以本病的治疗近况为中心综述如下。
There are many reasons for this disease. According to statistics, 547 cases of cirrhosis were found in 923 cases of portal hypertension, accounting for about 60%. Once the varicose veins rupture, it is prone to fatal bleeding, a drastic reduction in systemic blood volume. Accompanied by liver dysfunction were due to bleeding caused by progressive liver failure, combined with hypersplenism. Due to blood coagulation disorders is difficult to stop bleeding. The disease in the upper gastrointestinal bleeding after gastroduodenal ulcer, gastric bleeding, reportedly accounted for 6.4% to 18.7% of all upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Its prognosis and liver damage are closely related. The current treatment of the disease are summarized as follows.