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随着新课标的普及,中考试题中单项选择题不仅单纯考查语法点、知识点,而且越来越注重通过设置各种语境来考查学生综合运用词汇、语法、句型、交际、习惯表达等基础知识的能力。分析2007年一些省市中考试题中的单项选择题,可发现其呈现出以下特点和趋势:
1.知识点覆盖面越来越广,综合性越来越强。如:
The headmaster said they would have________ library________ . (07兰州)
A. another; builtB. other; built
C. another; build D. other; building
解析:本题考查了another与other的区别。应选A。
2.语境设置的真实性越来越强,考查范围越来越广。如:
—Look at the noisy kids!
—Haven’t you heard the saying“When the cat is away, the mice________”? (2007河南)
A. play B. played C. are playingD. will play
解析:本题形式上考查的是play的时态,而实际上考查的是真实语境中具体语言的运用。主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。应选D。
3.选项设置的干扰性和迷惑性越来越大,考查综合运用英语能力的手段越来越强。如:
Uncle Wang looks so fine in recent days. He ________a lot, but he has given it up. (2007咸宁)
A. was used to smoke B. used to smoke
C. was used to smokingD. am used to smoking
解析:be used to意为“习惯于做某事”,to是介词,后面跟名词、代词、动名词等;used to意为“过去常常做某事”,to是不定式符号,后面跟动词。选项C干扰性最大,它本身既是过去时,后面又跟动名词。应选B。
[考点研析]
一、考查不定冠词、定冠词的正确运用。如:
—Will you get there by________ train?
—No, I’ll take________taxi. (2007天津)
A. /;aB. a; the C. /; / D. the; a
解析:by train是固定搭配,中间不用冠词;take a taxi也是固定搭配。应选A。
二、考查名词数的搭配和名词所有格的运用,以及对名词含义的正确理解。如:
—Come and see in________ .
—With pleasure. That’s what I’m expecting. (2007哈尔滨)
A. two or three days’ B. two or three day’s time
C. two or three days’ time
解析:句意是“两三天后请来访”,两三天是一个时间段,应该加time;两三天又是复数,故day应该用复数形式。应选C。
三、考查不定代词、人称代词、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。如:
My aunt has two children. But________ of them lives with her. (2007河北)
A. eachB. neitherC. eitherD. both
解析:根据lives 可知主语应该是单数,又因为but表示转折,表达否定的意思,所以排除both(两者都),each和either。neither是“两者中无一”,做主语时,谓语动词用单数。应选B。
四、考查介词的正确用法及一些固定结构。如:
Don’t get off the bus________ it has stopped. (2007天津)
A. untilB. ifC. to D. for
解析:not...until是“直到……才”的意思。应选A。
五、根据具体语境选择正确的连词。如:
Kate is________ busy________ she can’t have a picnic with us this weekend. (2007贵阳)
A. so; thatB. too; toC. so; as
解析:so+形容词/副词+that从句,是结果状语从句,意思是“如此……以致”,too+形容词+to+动词,意思是“太……而不能”,不符合题意,C是错误搭配。应选A。
六、考查形容词、副词的正确含义及比较级和最高级的正确用法。如:
—“Shall we go now?”
—“Oh, no. It’s raining________ . We’d better wait for a while.” (2007贵阳)
A. heavyB. heavier C. heavily
解析:rain是动词,需要用副词heavily来修饰。应选C。
七、考查情态动词的含义及用法。如:
—Must I finish the work today, Mom?
—No, you________. You can finish it tomorrow. (2007河北)
A. mustn’tB. can’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
解析:must的否定回答应该用needn’t。应选D。
八、考查动词及短语动词的正确含义及各种时态和被动语态。如:
—What did the English teacher talk to you last Friday?
—She told me to________ my lessons carefully before the exam. (2007芜湖)
A. look up B. go overC. look after D. go on
解析:根据句意“她告诉我考试之前要认真复习功课”,可知答案是go over“复习”。look up是“查询”,look after是“照顾”,go on 是“继续”。应选B。
九、考查基数词、序数词及分数的表达方法。如:
In our city________, middle school students want to work as a teacher in the future.(2007重庆)
A. thousandB. thousand of
C. thousands of D. two thousand of
解析:thousands of 意为“许多,无数”,two thousand与of不能连用,thousand不能单独使用。应选C。
十、考查交际用语或习惯用法。如:
—Now, where is my school bag?
—________ ! We’ll be late for school. (2007南京)
A. Just a minute B. Take it easy
C. Don’t worryD. Come on
解析:Just a minute意为“请等一下”,Take it easy意为“别着急,放心好了”,Don’t worry意为“别担心”,Come on 意为“快点”,根据下文“上学要迟到了”,应选D。
十一、考查定语从句的用法。如:
The green tea________grows in South China is quite popular in China. (2007甘肃)
A. whoB. which C. when D. where
解析:先行词tea是物,所以应用关系代词which来引导定语从句。应选B。
十二、考查感叹句的用法。如:
—It’s reported that the 29th Olympic torch(奥运火炬)is going to travel to 135 cities around the world.
—________ exciting the news is! And it will arrive at the opening ceremony on August 8th, 2008.(2007哈尔滨)
A. What B. HowC. What an
解析: 中心词exciting是形容词,故用How来修饰。应选B。
十三、常用句型的考查。如:
Many people think it’s very important________ us ________learn English well.(2007贵阳)
A. for ; toB. to; toC. with; for
解析:本题考查的是it is+形容词+for sb. +to do sth.这个常用句型。应选A。
1.知识点覆盖面越来越广,综合性越来越强。如:
The headmaster said they would have________ library________ . (07兰州)
A. another; builtB. other; built
C. another; build D. other; building
解析:本题考查了another与other的区别。应选A。
2.语境设置的真实性越来越强,考查范围越来越广。如:
—Look at the noisy kids!
—Haven’t you heard the saying“When the cat is away, the mice________”? (2007河南)
A. play B. played C. are playingD. will play
解析:本题形式上考查的是play的时态,而实际上考查的是真实语境中具体语言的运用。主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。应选D。
3.选项设置的干扰性和迷惑性越来越大,考查综合运用英语能力的手段越来越强。如:
Uncle Wang looks so fine in recent days. He ________a lot, but he has given it up. (2007咸宁)
A. was used to smoke B. used to smoke
C. was used to smokingD. am used to smoking
解析:be used to意为“习惯于做某事”,to是介词,后面跟名词、代词、动名词等;used to意为“过去常常做某事”,to是不定式符号,后面跟动词。选项C干扰性最大,它本身既是过去时,后面又跟动名词。应选B。
[考点研析]
一、考查不定冠词、定冠词的正确运用。如:
—Will you get there by________ train?
—No, I’ll take________taxi. (2007天津)
A. /;aB. a; the C. /; / D. the; a
解析:by train是固定搭配,中间不用冠词;take a taxi也是固定搭配。应选A。
二、考查名词数的搭配和名词所有格的运用,以及对名词含义的正确理解。如:
—Come and see in________ .
—With pleasure. That’s what I’m expecting. (2007哈尔滨)
A. two or three days’ B. two or three day’s time
C. two or three days’ time
解析:句意是“两三天后请来访”,两三天是一个时间段,应该加time;两三天又是复数,故day应该用复数形式。应选C。
三、考查不定代词、人称代词、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。如:
My aunt has two children. But________ of them lives with her. (2007河北)
A. eachB. neitherC. eitherD. both
解析:根据lives 可知主语应该是单数,又因为but表示转折,表达否定的意思,所以排除both(两者都),each和either。neither是“两者中无一”,做主语时,谓语动词用单数。应选B。
四、考查介词的正确用法及一些固定结构。如:
Don’t get off the bus________ it has stopped. (2007天津)
A. untilB. ifC. to D. for
解析:not...until是“直到……才”的意思。应选A。
五、根据具体语境选择正确的连词。如:
Kate is________ busy________ she can’t have a picnic with us this weekend. (2007贵阳)
A. so; thatB. too; toC. so; as
解析:so+形容词/副词+that从句,是结果状语从句,意思是“如此……以致”,too+形容词+to+动词,意思是“太……而不能”,不符合题意,C是错误搭配。应选A。
六、考查形容词、副词的正确含义及比较级和最高级的正确用法。如:
—“Shall we go now?”
—“Oh, no. It’s raining________ . We’d better wait for a while.” (2007贵阳)
A. heavyB. heavier C. heavily
解析:rain是动词,需要用副词heavily来修饰。应选C。
七、考查情态动词的含义及用法。如:
—Must I finish the work today, Mom?
—No, you________. You can finish it tomorrow. (2007河北)
A. mustn’tB. can’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
解析:must的否定回答应该用needn’t。应选D。
八、考查动词及短语动词的正确含义及各种时态和被动语态。如:
—What did the English teacher talk to you last Friday?
—She told me to________ my lessons carefully before the exam. (2007芜湖)
A. look up B. go overC. look after D. go on
解析:根据句意“她告诉我考试之前要认真复习功课”,可知答案是go over“复习”。look up是“查询”,look after是“照顾”,go on 是“继续”。应选B。
九、考查基数词、序数词及分数的表达方法。如:
In our city________, middle school students want to work as a teacher in the future.(2007重庆)
A. thousandB. thousand of
C. thousands of D. two thousand of
解析:thousands of 意为“许多,无数”,two thousand与of不能连用,thousand不能单独使用。应选C。
十、考查交际用语或习惯用法。如:
—Now, where is my school bag?
—________ ! We’ll be late for school. (2007南京)
A. Just a minute B. Take it easy
C. Don’t worryD. Come on
解析:Just a minute意为“请等一下”,Take it easy意为“别着急,放心好了”,Don’t worry意为“别担心”,Come on 意为“快点”,根据下文“上学要迟到了”,应选D。
十一、考查定语从句的用法。如:
The green tea________grows in South China is quite popular in China. (2007甘肃)
A. whoB. which C. when D. where
解析:先行词tea是物,所以应用关系代词which来引导定语从句。应选B。
十二、考查感叹句的用法。如:
—It’s reported that the 29th Olympic torch(奥运火炬)is going to travel to 135 cities around the world.
—________ exciting the news is! And it will arrive at the opening ceremony on August 8th, 2008.(2007哈尔滨)
A. What B. HowC. What an
解析: 中心词exciting是形容词,故用How来修饰。应选B。
十三、常用句型的考查。如:
Many people think it’s very important________ us ________learn English well.(2007贵阳)
A. for ; toB. to; toC. with; for
解析:本题考查的是it is+形容词+for sb. +to do sth.这个常用句型。应选A。