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目的了解医院住院患者医院感染现患率,为加强医院感染管理提供依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,分别在2010-2013年连续4年对嘉兴市第一医院住院患者医院感染现患率进行调查与分析。结果调查均在每年11月份某日进行。该医院在2010-2013年各年度调查当日住院患者医院感染现患率依次分别为5.38%、3.38%、2.73%和2.42%。医院感染部位每年均以下呼吸道居首位,其次为泌尿道、血液感染和腹腔内组织感染。连续4年调查当日患者抗菌药物使用率依次分别为48.75%、41.25%、39.29%和37.63%。每年检出的医院感染病原菌均以革兰阴性菌为主,主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌和鲍曼不动杆菌等。结论连续4年调查该医院住院患者医院感染率呈现下降趋势,抗菌药物使用率均在控制指标范围,应重点关注医院感染高发科室。
Objective To understand the prevalence of nosocomial infection in hospital inpatients and provide the basis for strengthening nosocomial infection management. Methods The cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate and analyze the prevalence of nosocomial infection among inpatients in the First Hospital of Jiaxing from 2010 to 2013 for four consecutive years respectively. The results of the survey are carried out every day in November. The prevalence of nosocomial infections in hospital was 5.38%, 3.38%, 2.73% and 2.42% respectively on the surveyed date of 2010-2013. Nosocomial infections are the most common respiratory tract in the following year, followed by urinary tract, bloodstream infections and intra-abdominal tissue infections. The antibacterial drug use rates of patients on the day of the 4-year investigation were 48.75%, 41.25%, 39.29% and 37.63% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of nosocomial infections detected each year. The main pathogens are Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii. Conclusions The hospital infection rate of inpatients in this hospital shows a downward trend for 4 consecutive years. The usage rate of antimicrobial agents is in the range of control indexes, and the high incidence of nosocomial infections should be the focus of attention.