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为了避免桑树喷施杀虫剂造成的家蚕农药中毒事件发生,选择常用的12种杀虫剂供试,在桑园喷施不同浓度的药液后,于不同时间采摘桑叶饲养3龄起蚕,调查各种杀虫剂对家蚕的残留毒性和安全间隔期,筛选出适合云南蚕区桑树害虫防治的杀虫剂。多杀霉素、吡虫啉、虫酰肼和呋虫胺4种杀虫剂按推荐使用浓度及其2倍、4倍浓度药液喷施桑树后对家蚕的残留毒性最高,3龄起蚕取食喷药后5 d的桑叶,72 h内100%死亡;灭多威、毒死蜱、吡蚜酮和阿维菌素对家蚕的残留毒性次之,3龄起蚕取食喷施推荐使用浓度药液后5 d的桑叶,72 h内死亡率超过12%;印楝素、苦参碱、辛硫磷和虫螨腈4种杀虫剂对家蚕的残留毒性较低,3龄起蚕取食喷施推荐浓度药液后5 d的桑叶少有死亡,且产茧性状也未受到明显不良影响。桑树喷施毒死蜱、印楝素、苦参碱、灭多威、虫螨腈、辛硫磷各浓度药液后11 d采叶养蚕,对幼虫龄期经过无影响。在养蚕季节,蚕区桑园及周边农田应禁用多杀霉素、吡虫啉、虫酰肼、呋虫胺等对家蚕具有高残留毒性的杀虫剂,但可用于冬季封园治虫。可选用印楝素、苦参碱、辛硫磷、虫螨腈等对家蚕残留毒性低的杀虫剂用于桑树害虫防治,在推荐浓度范围内的安全间隔期为11d;在推荐浓度范围内灭多威、毒死蜱、吡蚜酮等的安全间隔期为15 d,阿维菌素为20 d以上。
In order to avoid the pesticide poisoning caused by mulberry silkworm pesticide poisoning incidents occurred, select the commonly used 12 kinds of pesticides for testing, spraying different concentrations of liquid in the mulberry, mulberry leaves at different times picking 3 instar silkworm , To investigate the residual toxicity and safety interval of various insecticides to silkworms and to screen out the insecticides suitable for the control of mulberry pests in Yunnan silkworm mulberry area. Spinosad, imidacloprid, tebufenozide and dinotefuran 4 kinds of insecticides according to the recommended concentration and its 2 times, 4 times the concentration of liquid spray mulberry silkworm residues after the highest toxicity, the third instar silkworm feeding The mulberry leaves on the 5th day after spraying were 100% dead within 72 h. The residual toxicities of methomyl, chlorpyrifos, pymetrozine and avermectin were the second, followed by the third instar silkworm feeding spraying the recommended concentration of drug The mulberry leaves on the 5th day after liquid suspension had a mortality rate of more than 12% within 72 h. Four insecticides, azadirachtin, phoxim and chlorfenapyr, had low residual toxicity to silkworms, Five days after spraying the recommended concentration of medicinal solution, there were few deaths of mulberry leaves and no obvious adverse effects on cocoon production. Chlorpyrifos, azadirachtin, matrine, methomyl, chlorfenapyr, and phoxim were collected on the 11th day after mulberry, and no effect on larval stage was observed. In the sericulture season, silkworm mulberry fields and surrounding farmland should be banned spinosad, imidacloprid, tebufenozide, dinotefuran and other insecticides have high residual toxicity to silkworm, but can be used for winter seal Park pest control. Optional azadirachtin, matrine, phoxim, chlorfenapyr and other insecticides with low residual toxicity to mulberry for the control of mulberry pests in the recommended concentration within the safe interval of 11d; in the recommended concentration range Methomyl, chlorpyrifos, pymetrozine and other safety interval of 15 d, abamectin 20 d or more.